Hawker Siddeley Harrier

Hawker Siddeley Harrier
Zemlja	Velike britanije
Ulogu	V/STOL kopneni napadački avioni
Prvi let	28. decembar 1967.
Izgradio	278

Čaj Hawker Siddeley Harrier, razvijen u 1960-ih, bio je prvi od Harrier Jump Jet serije aviona. To je bio prvi operativni bliska podrška i izviđanje borbeni avion sa vertikalnim / kratkim poletanja i sletanja (V / STOL) mogućnosti i jedini istinski uspešan V / STOL dizajn mnogih koji su nastali u to doba. Harrier je razvijen direktno iz prototipa aviona Havker Siddelei Kestrel, nakon otkazivanja naprednijeg supersoničnog aviona, Havker Siddelei P.KSNUMKS. Britanski Kraljevsko ratno vazduhoplovstvo (RAF) naredio Harrier GR.1 i GR.3 varijante u kasnim 1960-ih. To je izvezen u Sjedinjene Države kao AV-8A, za upotrebu od strane američkih marinaca (USMC), u 1970-ih.

Izvor: Hawker Siddeley Harrier na Wikipediji

Hawker Siddeley Harrier Walk Around
Fotografi	Luk Kolin
Lokalizacija	Jorkširski vazdušni muzej
Viktor K.2 XL231	Požudna Lindi, u Jorkširskom muzeju vazduha, Jork. Prototip za konverziju B.2 u K.2. KSL231 je jedan od dva Victors trenutno u taksiable stanju
Fotografije	108

Harrier GR.3 01

Harrier GR.3 02

Harrier GR.3 03

Harrier GR.3 04

Harrier GR.3 05

Harrier GR.3 06

Harrier GR.3 07

Harrier GR.3 08

Harrier GR.3 09

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Harrier II RAF GR.7 Walk Around
Fotograf	Cees Hendriks
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Harrier T.4 trainer Walk Around
Fotograf	Cees Hendriks
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Harrier T.4	Two-seat training version for the Royal Air Force, equivalent to the GR.3, with Pegasus Mk 103 engine, laser seeker and radar warning receiver. Reverted to short fin of single seater
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Harrier T.4 trainer

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Hawker-Siddeley AV-8A 'Harrier'

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Defying Gravity

Čaj Hawker Siddeley Harrier (the “Harrier GR.1/GR.3”) was a revolutionary feat of British engineering. Developed from the P.1127 experimental aircraft, it was the only V/STOL (Vertical/Short Take-Off and Landing) design to reach full operational status during the Cold War. Designed to operate from forest clearings and hidden roads if airfields were destroyed by nuclear strikes, the Harrier used “vectored thrust” to take off vertically like a helicopter but fly with the speed of a frontline jet fighter.

Attribute	Technical Specification (Harrier GR.3)
Ulogu	V/STOL Ground Attack / Reconnaissance
Posada	1 (Pilot)
First Flight (Harrier)	December 28, 1967
Powerplant	1 × Rolls-Royce Pegasus 103 turbofan
Thrust	21,500 lbf (95.6 kN)
Maksimalna brzina	730 mph (1,176 km/h / Mach 0.95)
Combat Radius	200 miles (370 km) in lo-lo-lo profile
Naoružanje	2 × 30mm ADEN cannons; 2 × AIM-9 Sidewinders; up to 5,000 lbs of bombs/rockets

Mastering the Hover

Vectored Thrust Nozzles: The heart of the Harrier is the Pegasus engine, which has four rotating nozzles. By moving a single lever in the cockpit, the pilot can angle the exhaust from fully rearward (for forward flight) to fully downward (for hover).
Reaction Control System (RCS): When hovering, traditional flight surfaces (ailerons/rudders) are useless because there is no airflow over them. The Harrier uses small “puffer ducts” in the nose, tail, and wingtips that bleed air from the engine to steer the plane.
The “Outrigger” Gear: Because the engine and nozzles occupy the center of the fuselage, the Harrier uses a unique bicycle-style landing gear with two main wheels under the body and two small “outrigger” wheels at the wingtips.
VIFFing: Pilots discovered they could “Vector In Forward Flight” (VIFFing). By slightly rotating the nozzles downward during a dogfight, the Harrier could suddenly slow down or change its flight path, forcing an enemy attacker to “overshoot.”

Operational Legend

The Falklands War (1982): The Sea Harrier (naval version) and the RAF’s GR.3 proved the V/STOL concept in combat. Operating from carriers in high seas, they achieved an incredible air-to-air kill ratio against faster Argentine supersonic jets.
Off-Base Operations: During Cold War exercises in Germany, Harriers were famously hidden in camouflaged hides in woods and refueled/rearmed from hidden trucks, proving they didn’t need vulnerable concrete runways.
Global Evolution: The design was so successful that the U.S. Marine Corps adopted it as the AV-8A, eventually leading to the heavily redesigned AV-8B Harrier II.
Retirement: The original British Harriers were retired in 2010 (Navy) and 2011 (RAF), with the F-35B Lightning II eventually taking over the role as the world’s premier STOVL fighter.