БА-10 | |
| Страны | Советский Союз |
| Тип | Бронеавтомобиль |
| Производства | 1938-1941 |
| Построен | 3311 |
Teh БА-10 Бронеавтомобиль 10) — бронеавтомобиль, разработанный в Советском Союзе в 1938 году и выпускавшийся до 1941 года. Это был самый выпускаемый советский тяжелый бронеавтомобиль до 1941 года – 3311 были построены в трех вариантах. Этими версиями были БА-10, БА-10М (улучшенная версия с новой радиостанцией) и БА-10ЖД (оборудованная для двойного железнодорожного/автомобильного использования). Базовая конструкция БА-10 была разработана на базе тяжелых бронеавтомобилей БА-3 и БА-6. Он имел улучшенное шасси ГАЗ-ААА и улучшенную броню (до 15 мм в передней части и башне). Предполагалось, что БА-10 будет заменен в 1941 году на БА-11 с дизельным двигателем и более сложной конструкцией брони, но начало войны помешало производству БА-11. БА-10 состоял на вооружении Красной Армии до 1945 года. Значительное количество трофейных БА-10 было использовано Финляндией (по крайней мере, 24), Германией и другими державами оси в Европе.
Источник: BA-10 в Википедии
| Broneavtomobil BA-10 Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| Фотограф | Неизвестная |
| Локализации | Неизвестная |
| Фотографии | 14 |
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The Evolution of the Heavy Armored Car
Teh БА-10 was the most produced Soviet heavy armored car of the pre-WWII era. Developed in 1938 at the Izhorsky Plant, it was an improvement over the earlier BA-3 and BA-6 models. By mounting the turret and 45mm gun of a Т-26 Или БТ-5 tank onto a reinforced 6×4 GAZ-AAA truck chassis, the Soviets created a vehicle that possessed the firepower of a light tank but with the operational mobility of a wheeled vehicle. It was the backbone of Soviet motorized units during the invasion of Poland, the Winter War, and the early stages of Operation Barbarossa.
| Attribute | Technical Specification (BA-10M) |
|---|---|
| Роль | Heavy Armored Car / Reconnaissance |
| Экипажа | 4 (Commander/Gunner, Loader, Driver, Hull Gunner) |
| Основное вооружение | 45 mm 20-K tank gun (49 rounds) |
| Вспомогательное вооружение | 2 × 7.62 mm DT machine guns (Coaxial and Hull) |
| Armor Thickness | 10 mm to 15 mm (Frontal) |
| Chassis | Modified GAZ-AAA 6×4 truck |
| Силовая установка | GAZ-M1 4-cylinder petrol (50 hp) |
| Max Road Speed | 52 km/h (approx. 32 mph) |
| Рабочий диапазон | 260–300 km (Roads) |
Design Features and Off-Road Solutions
- The “Overall” Tracks: To compensate for poor off-road performance on soft ground, the BA-10 carried a pair of “Overall” auxiliary tracks stowed over the rear fenders. These could be fitted over the dual rear wheels in about 10 minutes, effectively turning the vehicle into a temporary half-track.
- Step-Down Reduction Gear: The BA-10 utilized a specialized 4-speed transmission with a reduction gear, allowing it to crawl through difficult terrain that would stall a standard truck.
- Sloped Armor: Unlike earlier boxy designs, the BA-10 featured significantly sloped armor plates on the front and sides, which improved the effective thickness and helped deflect small-arms fire and shell splinters.
- Spare Wheels as Rollers: The two spare wheels were mounted on the sides of the hull in a way that allowed them to rotate freely. This helped prevent the vehicle from “high-centering” or bottoming out when crossing trenches or steep crests.
История эксплуатации
- Khalkhin Gol (1939): The BA-10 proved highly effective against Japanese armor. Its 45mm gun could easily penetrate Japanese Type 95 light tanks at ranges where the Japanese guns could not retaliate.
- The 1941 Catastrophe: Thousands were lost during the German invasion. While its gun remained lethal, its thin armor and high silhouette made it a “glass cannon.” It was easily destroyed by German 3.7cm PaK 36 anti-tank guns.
- German Use (Beutepanzer): The Wehrmacht captured hundreds of BA-10s, redesignating them as the Pz.Sp.Wg. 203(r). They were widely used for anti-partisan duties in the rear areas and by the Waffen-SS.
- Final Years: By 1942, production shifted toward the smaller, 4×4 BA-64. The surviving BA-10s were relegated to second-line units, training, or had their turrets removed to serve as armored personnel carriers or tractors.
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