БА-10 | |
| Країні | Радянський Союз |
| Тип | Броньований автомобіль |
| Виробництва | 1938-1941 |
| Побудований | 3311 |
У 201 БА-10 (рос. Broneavtomobil 10) — бронеавтомобіль, розроблений в Радянському Союзі в 1938 році і випускався до 1941 року. Це був найбільш вироблений радянський важкий бронеавтомобіль до 1941 року – 3311 були побудовані в трьох модифікаціях. Такими версіями були БА-10, БА-10М (вдосконалена версія з новою магнітолою) і БА-10ЖД (обладнаний для подвійного залізничного/автомобільного використання). Базова конструкція БА-10 розроблялася з важких бронеавтомобілів БА-3 і БА-6. Він мав вдосконалене шасі ГАЗ-ААА і поліпшену броню (до 15 мм спереду і башти). Передбачалося, що БА-10 буде замінений в 1941 році на БА-11 з дизельним двигуном і більш досконалою конструкцією броні, але почалася війна завадила виробництву БА-11. БА-10 перебував на службі в Червоній армії до 1945 року. Значна кількість захоплених БА-10 використовували Фінляндія (не менше 24), Німеччина та інші держави Осі в Європі.
Джерело: БА-10 у Вікіпедії
| Broneavtomobil BA-10 Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| Фотограф | Незнай |
| Локалізацією | Незнай |
| Фото | 14 |
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The Evolution of the Heavy Armored Car
У 201 БА-10 was the most produced Soviet heavy armored car of the pre-WWII era. Developed in 1938 at the Izhorsky Plant, it was an improvement over the earlier BA-3 and BA-6 models. By mounting the turret and 45mm gun of a Т-26 або БТ-5 tank onto a reinforced 6×4 GAZ-AAA truck chassis, the Soviets created a vehicle that possessed the firepower of a light tank but with the operational mobility of a wheeled vehicle. It was the backbone of Soviet motorized units during the invasion of Poland, the Winter War, and the early stages of Operation Barbarossa.
| Attribute | Technical Specification (BA-10M) |
|---|---|
| Роль | Heavy Armored Car / Reconnaissance |
| команда | 4 (Commander/Gunner, Loader, Driver, Hull Gunner) |
| Основне озброєння | 45 mm 20-K tank gun (49 rounds) |
| Другорядне озброєння | 2 × 7.62 mm DT machine guns (Coaxial and Hull) |
| Armor Thickness | 10 mm to 15 mm (Frontal) |
| Chassis | Modified GAZ-AAA 6×4 truck |
| Силова установка | GAZ-M1 4-cylinder petrol (50 hp) |
| Max Road Speed | 52 km/h (approx. 32 mph) |
| Робочий діапазон | 260–300 km (Roads) |
Design Features and Off-Road Solutions
- The “Overall” Tracks: To compensate for poor off-road performance on soft ground, the BA-10 carried a pair of “Overall” auxiliary tracks stowed over the rear fenders. These could be fitted over the dual rear wheels in about 10 minutes, effectively turning the vehicle into a temporary half-track.
- Step-Down Reduction Gear: The BA-10 utilized a specialized 4-speed transmission with a reduction gear, allowing it to crawl through difficult terrain that would stall a standard truck.
- Sloped Armor: Unlike earlier boxy designs, the BA-10 featured significantly sloped armor plates on the front and sides, which improved the effective thickness and helped deflect small-arms fire and shell splinters.
- Spare Wheels as Rollers: The two spare wheels were mounted on the sides of the hull in a way that allowed them to rotate freely. This helped prevent the vehicle from “high-centering” or bottoming out when crossing trenches or steep crests.
Історія експлуатації
- Khalkhin Gol (1939): The BA-10 proved highly effective against Japanese armor. Its 45mm gun could easily penetrate Japanese Type 95 light tanks at ranges where the Japanese guns could not retaliate.
- The 1941 Catastrophe: Thousands were lost during the German invasion. While its gun remained lethal, its thin armor and high silhouette made it a “glass cannon.” It was easily destroyed by German 3.7cm PaK 36 anti-tank guns.
- German Use (Beutepanzer): The Wehrmacht captured hundreds of BA-10s, redesignating them as the Pz.Sp.Wg. 203(r). They were widely used for anti-partisan duties in the rear areas and by the Waffen-SS.
- Final Years: By 1942, production shifted toward the smaller, 4×4 BA-64. The surviving BA-10s were relegated to second-line units, training, or had their turrets removed to serve as armored personnel carriers or tractors.
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