ボーイング307ストラトライナー | |
|---|---|
| 国 | 米国 |
| 役割 | 旅客機 |
| 初飛行 | 1938年12月31日 |
| 構築 | 10 |
ザ ボーイングモデル307ストラトライナー は、加圧キャビンでサービスを受けた最初の民間輸送機でした。この機能により、航空機は高度20,000フィート(6,000 m)で巡航することができました。圧力差は2.5 psi(17 kPa)だったので、14,700フィート(4,480 m)でキャビンの空気圧は高度8,000フィート(2,440 m)に相当しました。モデル307は6人と33人の乗客の乗組員のための容量を持っていた。その民間サービスに加えて、それはまた、長距離貨物リフト航空機としてそれを使用したアメリカ陸軍空軍によってボーイングC-75ストラトライナーとして飛ばされました。
| ボーイングモデル307ストラトライナーウォークアラウンド | |
|---|---|
| カメラマン | ウラジーミル・ヤクボフ |
| ローカライズ | 国立航空宇宙博物館 |
| 写真 | 107 |
| Boeing Model 307 Stratoliner Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| カメラマン | Michael Benolkin |
| ローカライズ | 知りません |
| 写真 | 27 |
関連項目:
A Revolution in Civil Aviation
ザ ボーイングモデル307ストラトライナー was a milestone in aviation history. Introduced in 1938, it was the first commercial transport aircraft to feature a pressurized cabin. This allowed the Stratoliner to fly at 20,000 feet, far above the turbulent weather that plagued earlier airliners like the DC-3. By utilizing the wings, tail, and engines of the B-17 Flying Fortress, Boeing created a robust, high-altitude cruiser that changed the definition of luxury and speed in the “Golden Age” of flight.
| Attribute | Technical Specification (Boeing 307) |
|---|---|
| 役割 | Long-Range Commercial Airliner / Military Transport |
| 乗組員 | 5 (Pilot, Co-pilot, Flight Engineer, 2 Flight Attendants) |
| First Flight | 1938年12月31日 |
| パワープラント | 4 × Wright GR-1820-G102 Cyclone radials |
| Horsepower | 1,100 hp (820 kW) per engine |
| 最高速度 | 241 mph (388 km/h) |
| Cruising Altitude | 20,000 feet (6,100 m) |
| Passenger Capacity | 33 (Day) / 25 (Night Sleeper) |
Engineering the High-Altitude Cabin
- Circular Fuselage: Unlike the flat-sided aircraft of the era, the 307 featured a perfectly circular cross-section. This shape was necessary to evenly distribute the internal pressure stresses required to maintain a breathable atmosphere at high altitudes.
- Pressurization System: The Stratoliner used engine-driven superchargers to pump air into the cabin. This allowed passengers to enjoy an “8,000-foot” environment while the aircraft cruised at 20,000 feet, effectively avoiding the “bumps” of low-level air.
- B-17 DNA: To save on development costs and improve reliability, Boeing used the flight surfaces of the B-17C Flying Fortress. The wings, landing gear, and horizontal stabilizers were nearly identical to the bomber, giving the 307 legendary structural strength.
- Sleeper Comfort: The wide fuselage allowed for reclining seats and berths, making it one of the first true “sleeper” transports for transcontinental travel.
The “C-75” and Notable History
- Military Service (C-75): During WWII, the five Stratoliners operated by TWA were pressed into service for the Army Air Transport Command. Designated as C-75s, they were used for high-priority transatlantic flights because their pressurization allowed them to fly above most interception threats.
- Howard Hughes and the “Flying Penthouse”: The famous billionaire bought a Stratoliner and converted it into a lavish private office and home. After being damaged in a hurricane, the fuselage was eventually converted into a “Cosmic Muffin” house boat.
- Rare Survival: Only 10 Stratoliners were ever built. The only surviving example, the “Flying Cloud” (formerly of Pan Am), was meticulously restored by Boeing volunteers and is now at the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center.
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