Northrop JB-1 Bat

Northrop JB-1 Bat
País	Eua
Papel	Protótipo de asa voadora movida a jato
Primeira mosca	27 de agosto de 1943
Construído	Desconhecido

O Northrop JB-1 "Bat" era um míssil de cruzeiro superfície-superfície dos Estados Unidos que era um protótipo de asa voadora movida a jato. O programa MX-543 das Forças Aéreas do Exército dos Estados Unidos foi iniciado em setembro de 1942 para usar versões construídas sob licença do motor a jato de Frank Whittle (General Electric J31). A Northrop Corporation foi contratada no final de 1943, e apenas 10 fuselagens JB-1 foram construídas. Uma versão tripulada foi rebocada para o 1º voo em "27 de agosto de 1943", de Rogers Dry Lake e uma versão planadora foi lançada de um trenó movido a foguete e caiu em dezembro de 1944. Um JB-1 não tripulado alimentado por um turbojato improvisado General Electric B-1 com uma envergadura de asa de 28 pés e 4 polegadas (8,64 m) fez seu 1º voo da Ilha Santa Rosa de Eglin Field, Flórida, em 7 de dezembro de 1944, e caiu a 400 metros do lançador ferroviário.

Fonte: Northrop JB-1 Bat na Wikipédia

Northrop JB-1 Bat Walk Around
Photographer	Vladimir Yakubov
Localisation	Western Museum of Flight, Torrance
Photos	40

Northrop JB-1 Bastão 01

Northrop JB-1 Morcego 02

Northrop JB-1 Morcego 03

Northrop JB-1 Morcego 04

Northrop JB-1 Morcego 05

Northrop JB-1 Morcego 06

Northrop JB-1 Bastão 07

Northrop JB-1 Morcego 08

Northrop JB-1 Beat 10

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General Characteristics and Role

The Northrop JB-1 Bat was an experimental, unpiloted pulse-jet powered flying wing missile developed by the United States during World War II, based heavily on aerodynamic work done by the German Horten brothers. Its development was part of the United States Army Air Forces’ (USAAF) Jet-Propelled Missile program (JB). The JB-1’s design was highly unconventional, utilizing a pure flying wing configuration with twin rudders and a very clean aerodynamic profile. It was intended as a short-range surface-to-surface cruise missile that could carry a massive warhead (comparable to the German V-1 flying bomb). The project was ultimately terminated due to propulsion issues and the end of the war, but it significantly contributed to Northrop’s pioneering work on tailless aircraft.

Property	Typical Value (JB-1)
Papel	Experimental Cruise Missile / Flying Bomb
National Origin	Estados Unidos
Fabricante	Northrop Aircraft
First Flight (Glider)	August 1944
tripulação	0 (Unmanned)
Guidance	Preset gyro-pilot system
Warhead	Approximately 900 kg (2,000 lb)
comprimento	4.37 m (14 ft 4 in)
Envergadura	9.14 m (30 ft 0 in)
Launch Weight	3,175 kg (7,000 lb)

Propulsion and Launch Method

Engine: 2 x General Electric BQ-7 (pulse-jet engines).
Thrust (Total): Approximately 4.45 kN (1,000 lbf).
Maximum Speed: Designed for high subsonic speeds.
Launch Method: The JB-1 was designed to be launched from a rocket-powered sled running on a fixed railway track, similar to the method used for the German V-1 missile.
Propulsion Issues: Initial tests with the pulse-jets were unsuccessful due to performance and reliability problems, leading to a modified glide-only prototype being tested first.

Legacy and Further Development

Pilot Modification: After the failure of the pulse-jet system, the design was briefly converted into a piloted glider (designated JB-1A) for aerodynamic testing, including a side-by-side cockpit, which helped validate the flying wing concept.
Follow-on: The JB-1 project provided valuable data that directly influenced Northrop’s later, larger flying wing aircraft, such as the XB-35 and YB-49 bombers, and eventually the B-2 Spirit stealth bomber.
Termination: The program was cancelled shortly after the end of the war, as the need for the short-range missile rapidly diminished, allowing resources to be shifted to long-range missile and bomber programs.