Boeing 307 Stratoliner

Boeing 307 Stratoliner
Land	Usa
Rolle	Verkehrsflugzeug
Erstflug	31. Dezember 1938
Gebaut	10

das Boeing Model 307 Stratoliner war das erste zivile Transportflugzeug, das mit einer Druckkabine in Dienst kam. Diese Funktion ermöglichte es dem Flugzeug, in einer Höhe von 6.000 m zu kreuzen, weit über vielen Wetterstörungen. Das Druckdifferenzial betrug 2,5 psi (17 kPa), so dass bei 4.480 m der Luftdruck der Kabine einer Höhe von 2.440 m entsprach. Das Modell 307 hatte eine Kapazität für eine Besatzung von sechs und 33 Passagieren. Neben dem Zivildienst wurde sie auch als Boeing C-75 Stratoliner von der United States Army Air Forces geflogen, die sie als Langstrecken-Frachtliftflugzeug einsetzte.

Quelle: Boeing 307 Stratoliner auf Wikipedia

Boeing Model 307 Stratoliner Walk Around
Fotograf	Wladimir Nikolajewitsch Jakubow
Lokalisierung	National Air & Space Museum
Fotos	107

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Boeing Model 307 Stratoliner Walk Around
Fotograf	Michael Benolkin
Lokalisierung	Unbekannter
Fotos	27

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A Revolution in Civil Aviation

das Boeing Model 307 Stratoliner was a milestone in aviation history. Introduced in 1938, it was the first commercial transport aircraft to feature a pressurized cabin. This allowed the Stratoliner to fly at 20,000 feet, far above the turbulent weather that plagued earlier airliners like the DC-3. By utilizing the wings, tail, and engines of the B-17 Flying Fortress, Boeing created a robust, high-altitude cruiser that changed the definition of luxury and speed in the “Golden Age” of flight.

Attribute	Technical Specification (Boeing 307)
Rolle	Long-Range Commercial Airliner / Military Transport
Crew	5 (Pilot, Co-pilot, Flight Engineer, 2 Flight Attendants)
First Flight	31. Dezember 1938
Triebwerk	4 × Wright GR-1820-G102 Cyclone radials
Horsepower	1,100 hp (820 kW) per engine
Höchstgeschwindigkeit	241 mph (388 km/h)
Cruising Altitude	20,000 feet (6,100 m)
Passenger Capacity	33 (Day) / 25 (Night Sleeper)

Engineering the High-Altitude Cabin

Circular Fuselage: Unlike the flat-sided aircraft of the era, the 307 featured a perfectly circular cross-section. This shape was necessary to evenly distribute the internal pressure stresses required to maintain a breathable atmosphere at high altitudes.
Pressurization System: The Stratoliner used engine-driven superchargers to pump air into the cabin. This allowed passengers to enjoy an “8,000-foot” environment while the aircraft cruised at 20,000 feet, effectively avoiding the “bumps” of low-level air.
B-17 DNA: To save on development costs and improve reliability, Boeing used the flight surfaces of the B-17C Flying Fortress. The wings, landing gear, and horizontal stabilizers were nearly identical to the bomber, giving the 307 legendary structural strength.
Sleeper Comfort: The wide fuselage allowed for reclining seats and berths, making it one of the first true “sleeper” transports for transcontinental travel.

The “C-75” and Notable History

Military Service (C-75): During WWII, the five Stratoliners operated by TWA were pressed into service for the Army Air Transport Command. Designated as C-75s, they were used for high-priority transatlantic flights because their pressurization allowed them to fly above most interception threats.
Howard Hughes and the “Flying Penthouse”: The famous billionaire bought a Stratoliner and converted it into a lavish private office and home. After being damaged in a hurricane, the fuselage was eventually converted into a “Cosmic Muffin” house boat.
Rare Survival: Only 10 Stratoliners were ever built. The only surviving example, the “Flying Cloud” (formerly of Pan Am), was meticulously restored by Boeing volunteers and is now at the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center.