Northrop JB-1 Bat

Northrop JB-1 Bat
Zemlja	Sad
Ulogu	Prototip letećeg krila sa mlaznim napajanjem
Prva muva	27 avgust 1943
Izgradio	Nepoznato

Čaj Northrop JB-1 "Slepi miš" je bio krstareća raketa zemlja-zemlja Sjedinjenih Država koja je bila prototip letećeg krila sa mlaznim snagama. Program američkih vojnih vazduhoplovnih snaga MX-543 pokrenut je u septembru 1942. Korporacija Nortrop je angažovana krajem 1943, a izgrađeno je samo 10 aviona JB-1. Ljudska verzija šlepovana je za prvi let na "27. avgusta 1943", sa Rodžers Suvog jezera, a verzija jedrilice lansirana je sa raketnih sanki i srušila se u decembru 1944. Bespilotni JB-1 koji je napajao improvizovani General Electric B-1 turbojet sa rasponom krila od 28 stopa 4 inča (8,64 m) stigao je 7.

Izvor: Northrop JB-1 Bat on Wikipedia

Northrop JB-1 Bat Walk Around
Photographer	Vladimir Yakubov
Localisation	Western Museum of Flight, Torrance
Photos	40

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Northrop JB-1 Bat 10

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General Characteristics and Role

The Northrop JB-1 Bat was an experimental, unpiloted pulse-jet powered flying wing missile developed by the United States during World War II, based heavily on aerodynamic work done by the German Horten brothers. Its development was part of the United States Army Air Forces’ (USAAF) Jet-Propelled Missile program (JB). The JB-1’s design was highly unconventional, utilizing a pure flying wing configuration with twin rudders and a very clean aerodynamic profile. It was intended as a short-range surface-to-surface cruise missile that could carry a massive warhead (comparable to the German V-1 flying bomb). The project was ultimately terminated due to propulsion issues and the end of the war, but it significantly contributed to Northrop’s pioneering work on tailless aircraft.

Property	Typical Value (JB-1)
Ulogu	Experimental Cruise Missile / Flying Bomb
National Origin	Sjedinjene Države
Proizvođača	Northrop Aircraft
First Flight (Glider)	August 1944
Posada	0 (Unmanned)
Guidance	Preset gyro-pilot system
Warhead	Approximately 900 kg (2,000 lb)
Dužina	4.37 m (14 ft 4 in)
Raspon krila	9.14 m (30 ft 0 in)
Launch Weight	3,175 kg (7,000 lb)

Propulsion and Launch Method

Engine: 2 x General Electric BQ-7 (pulse-jet engines).
Thrust (Total): Approximately 4.45 kN (1,000 lbf).
Maximum Speed: Designed for high subsonic speeds.
Launch Method: The JB-1 was designed to be launched from a rocket-powered sled running on a fixed railway track, similar to the method used for the German V-1 missile.
Propulsion Issues: Initial tests with the pulse-jets were unsuccessful due to performance and reliability problems, leading to a modified glide-only prototype being tested first.

Legacy and Further Development

Pilot Modification: After the failure of the pulse-jet system, the design was briefly converted into a piloted glider (designated JB-1A) for aerodynamic testing, including a side-by-side cockpit, which helped validate the flying wing concept.
Follow-on: The JB-1 project provided valuable data that directly influenced Northrop’s later, larger flying wing aircraft, such as the XB-35 and YB-49 bombers, and eventually the B-2 Spirit stealth bomber.
Termination: The program was cancelled shortly after the end of the war, as the need for the short-range missile rapidly diminished, allowing resources to be shifted to long-range missile and bomber programs.