Heinkel He 162 - Fotos y Video

Heinkel He 162 A Salamander
País	Alemania nazi
Papel	Caza a reacción
Primer vuelo	6 de diciembre de 1944
Construido	320

el Heinkel Tiene 162 años Volksjäger (en alemán, "Caza del Pueblo"), el nombre de un proyecto de la competición de diseño del Programa de Cazas de Emergencia, fue un avión de combate alemán monomotor propulsado por aviones de combate a reacción que fue embarcado por la Luftwaffe en la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Diseñado y construido rápidamente, y hecho principalmente de madera, ya que los metales eran muy escasos y priorizados para otros aviones, el He 162 era sin embargo el más rápido de la primera generación de axis y aviones aliados. Volksjäger fue el nombre oficial del Ministerio del Aire del Reich para el concurso del programa de diseño del gobierno ganado por el diseño He 162. Otros nombres dados al avión incluyen Salamander, que era el nombre en clave de su programa de construcción, y Spatz ("Gorrión"), que era el nombre dado al avión por Heinkel.

Fuente: Heinkel Él 162 Un Salamandra en Wikipedia

Heinkel He 162 Salamander
Fotógrafos	Cees Hendriks
Localización	Unknow
Fotos	81

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Heinkel HE-162 Salamander Walk Around
Fotógrafo	Bill Maloney
Localización	Museo Alas de Águilas
Fotos	42

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The Emergency Fighter

el Heinkel Tiene 162 años was the result of the “Emergency Fighter Program” initiated in late 1944. As Allied bombers devastated German industry, the Luftwaffe needed a jet that was cheap, used non-strategic materials (like wood), and was easy to fly for Hitler Youth pilots with minimal training. Remarkably, the aircraft went from a wooden mockup to its first flight in only 90 days. While it was aerodynamically advanced and extremely fast, it was also dangerous to fly due to its sensitive handling and the poor quality of the glues used in its wooden construction.

Attribute	Technical Specification (He 162 A-2)
Papel	Interceptor / Emergency Fighter
Equipo	1 (Pilot)
First Flight	December 6, 1944
Planta motriz	1 × BMW 003E-1 turbojet
Thrust	1,760 lbf (7.8 kN)
Velocidad máxima	562 mph (905 km/h) at 20,000 ft
Endurance	30 minutes (approximate)
Armamento	2 × 20mm MG 151/20 cannons

Radical Engineering in a Hurry

Dorsal Engine Mount: To simplify the fuel system and protect the engine from debris on rough runways, the BMW 003 jet was mounted directly on top of the fuselage. This required a twin-fin “H-tail” to allow the exhaust gases to pass between the rudders.
Wooden Construction: The wings were made entirely of wood, as was the nose and various fairings. In a famous incident during the first flight, the acidic “Tego film” glue ate through the wooden wing structure, leading to a catastrophic structural failure.
Ejection Seat: Despite being a “budget” fighter, the He 162 was one of the first operational aircraft to feature a Heinkel-designed ejection seat, powered by an explosive cartridge, because the pilot could not safely bail out through the top-mounted engine intake.
The “Salamander” Mystery: “Salamander” was the codename for the wing construction project, while the aircraft itself was officially the Spatz (Sparrow) or Volksjäger.

Brief Combat and Capture

Operational Units: Only one unit, JG 1, was fully equipped with the He 162 before the war ended. They claimed a handful of victories, but the aircraft’s short fuel endurance and landing gear issues caused more losses than enemy fire.
The British Assessment: After the war, British test pilot Eric “Winkle” Brown flew the He 162 and described it as having “the best all-round view” and being a “delightful” aerobatic platform, though he warned it was “unforgiving” if mishandled.
Aerodynamic Innovations: The wings featured distinctive turned-down “drooped” tips (Lippisch-style), which were intended to improve stability and prevent the aircraft from rolling unexpectedly at high speeds.
Survivors: Because so many were built (approx. 320), several exist today. Notable examples are at the RAF Museum London, the Smithsonian, and the Musée de l’Air et de l’Espace in France.