Heinkel He 162 - Foton och Video

Heinkel He 162 A Salamander
Land	Nazityskland
Roll	Jetplan
Första flygningen	Den 6 december 1944
Byggd	320

Den Heinkel Han 162 Volksjäger (tyska, "People's Fighter"), namnet på ett projekt för designtävlingen Emergency Fighter Program, var ett tyskt enmotorigt, jetdrivet stridsflygplan med luftwaffe under andra världskriget. Designad och byggd snabbt, och tillverkad främst av trä eftersom metaller var mycket korta och prioriterade för andra flygplan, var He 162 ändå den snabbaste av den första generationen av Axis och Allied jets. Volksjäger var Riksflygministeriets officiella namn för den statliga designprogramtävlingen som vanns av He 162-designen. Andra namn som gavs till planet är Salamander, som var kodnamnet för dess byggprogram, och Spatz ("Sparrow"), som var namnet på planet av Heinkel.

Källkod: Heinkel He 162 En salamander på Wikipedia

Heinkel He 162 Salamander
Fotografer	Cees Hendriks
Lokalisering	Unknow
Bilder	81

Heinkel He 162 A Salamander 01

Heinkel He 162 A Salamander 02

Heinkel He 162 A Salamander 03

Heinkel He 162 A Salamander 04

Heinkel He 162 A Salamander 05

Heinkel He 162 A Salamander 06

Heinkel He 162 A Salamander 07

Heinkel He 162 A Salamander 08

Heinkel He 162 A Salamander 09

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Heinkel HE-162 Salamander Walk Around
Fotograf	Bill Maloney
Lokalisering	Vingar av Örnar Museum
Bilder	42

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Heinkel He 162A-1 Volksjager Walk Around
Fotograf	Unknow
Lokalisering	Unknow
Bilder	31

Heinkel He 162 A Volksjager

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Heinkel He162A-1 Volksjager Walk Around
Fotograf	Don Allen
Lokalisering	Unknow
Bilder	45

Heinkel HE-162 Walk Around
Fotograf	Unknow
Lokalisering	Unknow
Bilder	24

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Heinkel He-162A-2 Walk Around
Fotograf	Vojtech Peterka
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Bilder	14

Heinkel He-162 A-2

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The Emergency Fighter

Den Heinkel Han 162 was the result of the “Emergency Fighter Program” initiated in late 1944. As Allied bombers devastated German industry, the Luftwaffe needed a jet that was cheap, used non-strategic materials (like wood), and was easy to fly for Hitler Youth pilots with minimal training. Remarkably, the aircraft went from a wooden mockup to its first flight in only 90 days. While it was aerodynamically advanced and extremely fast, it was also dangerous to fly due to its sensitive handling and the poor quality of the glues used in its wooden construction.

Attribute	Technical Specification (He 162 A-2)
Roll	Interceptor / Emergency Fighter
besättning	1 (Pilot)
First Flight	December 6, 1944
Kraftverk	1 × BMW 003E-1 turbojet
Thrust	1,760 lbf (7.8 kN)
Maximum Speed	562 mph (905 km/h) at 20,000 ft
Endurance	30 minutes (approximate)
Beväpning	2 × 20mm MG 151/20 cannons

Radical Engineering in a Hurry

Dorsal Engine Mount: To simplify the fuel system and protect the engine from debris on rough runways, the BMW 003 jet was mounted directly on top of the fuselage. This required a twin-fin “H-tail” to allow the exhaust gases to pass between the rudders.
Wooden Construction: The wings were made entirely of wood, as was the nose and various fairings. In a famous incident during the first flight, the acidic “Tego film” glue ate through the wooden wing structure, leading to a catastrophic structural failure.
Ejection Seat: Despite being a “budget” fighter, the He 162 was one of the first operational aircraft to feature a Heinkel-designed ejection seat, powered by an explosive cartridge, because the pilot could not safely bail out through the top-mounted engine intake.
The “Salamander” Mystery: “Salamander” was the codename for the wing construction project, while the aircraft itself was officially the Spatz (Sparrow) or Volksjäger.

Brief Combat and Capture

Operational Units: Only one unit, JG 1, was fully equipped with the He 162 before the war ended. They claimed a handful of victories, but the aircraft’s short fuel endurance and landing gear issues caused more losses than enemy fire.
The British Assessment: After the war, British test pilot Eric “Winkle” Brown flew the He 162 and described it as having “the best all-round view” and being a “delightful” aerobatic platform, though he warned it was “unforgiving” if mishandled.
Aerodynamic Innovations: The wings featured distinctive turned-down “drooped” tips (Lippisch-style), which were intended to improve stability and prevent the aircraft from rolling unexpectedly at high speeds.
Survivors: Because so many were built (approx. 320), several exist today. Notable examples are at the RAF Museum London, the Smithsonian, and the Musée de l’Air et de l’Espace in France.