GAZ 46 | |
|---|---|
| Land | Sovjetunionen |
| Roll | 4×4 Amfibiejeep |
| Produktion | 1954-1958 |
| Byggd | Unknow |
Den GAZ-46, armébeteckning MAV (ryska: малый автомобиль водоплавающий, liten flytande bil), är ett rysktillverkat lätt fyrhjulsdrivet amfibiemilitärt fordon som togs i bruk på 1950-talet och har använts av många allierade styrkor i östblocket sedan dess. Under andra världskriget skickade Kanada, Storbritannien och USA stora mängder militär materiel till Ryssland. Bland dessa fanns jeepar, lastbilar och amfibiefordon som 6×6 DUKW och 4×4 Ford GPA. De senare användes för att hjälpa manskap och utrustning att ta sig över de många floderna i Östeuropa och bekämpa tyskarna. Efter kriget bestämde sig Ryssland för att utveckla två liknande fordon med hjälp av inhemska bildelar, BAV, en motsvarighet till DUKW, och MAV, en motsvarighet till Ford GPA.
Källkod: GAZ 46 på Wikipedia
| MAV (Gaz-46) Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| Photographer | Igor Suhin |
| Localisation | Unknow |
| Photos | 27 |
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General Characteristics and Role
The GAZ-46 MAV (Maly Avtomobil Vodorodny, or “Small Water Vehicle”) was a Soviet light amphibious military vehicle developed shortly after World War II. It was essentially a direct, slightly scaled-down copy of the American Ford GPA ‘Seep’ amphibious jeep, which had been supplied to the Soviet Union under the Lend-Lease program during the war. The GAZ-46 was designed to provide troop and equipment transport across water obstacles for reconnaissance, liaison, and light patrol duties. It featured a boat-like hull and a conventional four-wheel-drive system on land, complemented by a propeller for water propulsion. It served primarily with the Soviet Army and Warsaw Pact nations.
| Property | Typical Value (GAZ-46 MAV) |
|---|---|
| Roll | Light Amphibious Reconnaissance/Transport |
| National Origin | Soviet Union (USSR) |
| Tillverkare | Gorky Automobile Plant (GAZ) |
| Service Entry | 1953 |
| besättning | 1 (Driver) |
| Capacity | 4 or 5 personnel, or 500 kg (1,102 lb) of cargo |
| Configuration | 4×4, All-wheel drive (Land) |
| längd | 5.07 m (16 ft 8 in) |
| bredd | 1.70 m (5 ft 7 in) |
| höjd | 1.70 m (5 ft 7 in) (Windshield up) |
| Combat Weight | 2,360 kg (5,200 lb) |
Powerplant and Mobility
- Engine: 1 x GAZ-M20 four-cylinder petrol engine (used in the GAZ-M20 Pobeda car).
- Power Output: 52 hp (39 kW).
- Maximum Speed (Road): 90 km/h (56 mph).
- Maximum Speed (Water): 10 km/h (6.2 mph; 5.4 kn).
- Propulsion (Water): Single propeller, driven by a power take-off from the transmission.
- Land Transmission: Manual, 4 forward gears, 1 reverse gear, 2-speed transfer case.
Design and Legacy
- Design Basis: Directly based on the Ford GPA (Seep), but modified to utilize standard Soviet GAZ-M20 Pobeda car components for easier logistics and repair.
- Wartime Influence: The need for an indigenous amphibious vehicle arose from the success and utility of the American amphibious jeeps used during the war.
- Construction: Featured a boat-like, welded steel hull for watertight integrity and a conventional automotive chassis within the hull.
- Successor: The GAZ-46 was eventually replaced by more advanced amphibious vehicles and specialized armored personnel carriers in the Soviet military.
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