Northrop P-61 Crna udovica

Northrop P-61 Crna udovica
Zemlja	Sad
Ulogu	Noćni borac
Prvi let	26. maj 1942.
Izgradio	706

Čaj Northrop P-61 Crna udovica, named for the American spider, was the first operational U.S. warplane designed as a night fighter, and the first aircraft designed to use radar. The P-61 had a crew of three: pilot, gunner, and radar operator. It was armed with four 20 mm (.79 in) Hispano M2 forward-firing cannons mounted in the lower fuselage, and four .50 in (12.7 mm) M2 Browning machine guns mounted in a remote-controlled dorsal gun turret. It was an all-metal, twin-engine, twin-boom design developed during World War II. The first test flight was made on May 26, 1942, with the first production aircraft rolling off the assembly line in October 1943. The last aircraft was retired from government service in 1954.

Izvor: Northrop P-61 Crna udovica na Vikipediji

Northrop P-61C Crna udovica Šetnja okolo
Fotograf	Cees Hendriks
Lokalizacija	Nepoznato
Fotografije	105

Northrop P-61C Black Widow 01

Northrop P-61C Black Widow 02

Northrop P-61C Black Widow 03

Northrop P-61C Black Widow 05

Northrop P-61C Black Widow 04

Northrop P-61C Black Widow 07

Northrop P-61C Black Widow 06

Northrop P-61C Black Widow 08

Northrop P-61C Black Widow 09

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Northrop P-61B Crna udovica Šetnja okolo
Fotograf	Bil Maloni
Lokalizacija	Nepoznato
Fotografije	24

Northrop P-61B Black Widow 01

Northrop P-61B Black Widow 02

Northrop P-61B Black Widow 03

Northrop P-61B Black Widow 04

Northrop P-61B Black Widow 05

Northrop P-61B Black Widow 06

Northrop P-61B Black Widow 07

Northrop P-61B Black Widow 08

Northrop P-61B Black Widow 09

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Northrop P-61C Black Widow Walk Around
Fotograf	Vladimir Jakubov
Lokalizacija	Narodni muzej USAF-a
Fotografije	62

Northrop P-61C Crna udovica

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The Shadow in the Night

Čaj Northrop P-61 Crna udovica was the first U.S. aircraft designed from the ground up to utilize radar for night interception. A massive, twin-engine, twin-boom beast, it was nearly as large as a medium bomber but possessed the agility of a fighter. The P-61C was the final and most powerful production variant, introduced late in the war to address speed deficiencies at high altitudes. Painted in a distinctive “glossy sea blue” or “jet black” finish, it was almost invisible in the night skies over Europe and the Pacific.

Attribute	Technical Specification (P-61C)
Ulogu	All-weather / Night Fighter
Posada	3 (Pilot, Gunner, Radar Operator)
First Flight (P-61A)	May 26, 1942
Powerplant	2 × Pratt & Whitney R-2800-73 Double Wasp radials
Horsepower	2,800 hp (2,088 kW) each (with turbochargers)
Maksimalna brzina	430 mph (692 km/h) at 30,000 ft
Radar	SCR-720 (Nose-mounted)
Naoružanje	4 × 20mm Hispano cannons; 4 × .50 cal machine guns (dorsal turret)

Technological Innovations of the Widow

Remote Control Dorsal Turret: The P-61 featured a top-mounted turret with four .50 caliber machine guns. It could be locked forward to be fired by the pilot or controlled remotely by the gunner using a periscopic sight.
The “Zap” Flaps and Retractable Ailerons: To achieve a low landing speed while maintaining high-speed performance, the P-61 used nearly full-span “Zap” flaps. To provide roll control, Northrop used tiny “spoiler” ailerons that retracted into the wing.
SCR-720 Radar: The heart of the Widow was its nose-mounted radar, which could detect enemy aircraft at a range of 5 miles. The radar operator sat in a separate compartment in the rear of the central pod, guiding the pilot toward the target via an intercom.
C-Model Improvements: The “C” variant added massive turbo-superchargers beneath the engines and “fighter brakes” (perforated flaps) on the wings, which allowed the pilot to slow down quickly after a dive to avoid overshooting a target.

Operational Legacy

The Last Victory: A P-61B named “Lady in the Dark” is credited with the final Allied air victory of WWII, forcing down a Japanese aircraft on the night of August 14/15, 1945, without firing a single shot.
Night Interception: In the Pacific, the P-61 was essential for stopping “Washing Machine Charlie”—Japanese nuisance bombers that harassed Allied troops at night.
B-29 Escort: The P-61 was often used to scout ahead of B-29 Superfortress formations, using its radar to detect weather patterns and enemy night fighters.
The F-15 Reporter: After the war, several P-61s were modified for photo-reconnaissance, designated as the F-15 Reporter. These were among the last piston-engine reconnaissance planes used by the USAF.