Heinkel He 162 - Fotod ja video

Heinkel He 162 A Salamander
Riik	Natsi-Saksamaa
Rolli	Reaktiivhävitaja
Esimene lend	6. detsember 1944
Ehitatud	320

2007 Heinkel He 162 Volksjäger (saksa keeles "People's Fighter"), emergency Fighter Program disainikonkursi projekti nimi, oli Saksa ühemootoriline reaktiivmootoriga hävituslennuk, mille Luftwaffe välja andis Teises maailmasõjas. He 162, mis projekteeriti ja ehitati kiiresti ning valmistati peamiselt puidust, kuna metalle oli väga vähe ja eelistati teistele õhusõidukitele, oli He 162 siiski esimese põlvkonna Axis ja Allied reaktiivlennukite kiireim. Volksjäger oli Riigi õhuministeeriumi ametlik nimi valitsuse disainiprogrammi konkursile, mille võitis He 162 disain. Teised lennukile antud nimed on Salamander, mis oli selle ehitusprogrammi koodnimi, ja Spatz ("Varblane"), mis oli Heinkeli poolt lennukile antud nimi.

Allikas: Heinkel He 162 A Salamander Wikipedias

Heinkel He 162 Salamander
Fotograafid	Cees Hendriks
Lokaliseerimine	Teadmata
Fotod	81

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Oodake, Otsides Heinkel Ta 162 Salamander teile...

Heinkel HE-162 Salamander Walk Around
Fotograaf	Bill Maloney
Lokaliseerimine	Eaglesi muuseumi tiivad
Fotod	42

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Heinkel He 162A-1 Volksjager Walk Around
Fotograaf	Teadmata
Lokaliseerimine	Teadmata
Fotod	31

Heinkel He 162 A Volksjager

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Heinkel He162A-1 Volksjager Walk Around
Fotograaf	Don Allen
Lokaliseerimine	Teadmata
Fotod	45

Heinkel HE-162 Walk Around
Fotograaf	Unknow
Lokaliseerimine	Teadmata
Fotod	24

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Heinkel He-162A-2 Walk Around
Fotograaf	Vojtech Peterka
Lokaliseerimine	Teadmata
Fotod	14

Heinkel He-162 A-2

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The Emergency Fighter

2007 Heinkel He 162 was the result of the “Emergency Fighter Program” initiated in late 1944. As Allied bombers devastated German industry, the Luftwaffe needed a jet that was cheap, used non-strategic materials (like wood), and was easy to fly for Hitler Youth pilots with minimal training. Remarkably, the aircraft went from a wooden mockup to its first flight in only 90 days. While it was aerodynamically advanced and extremely fast, it was also dangerous to fly due to its sensitive handling and the poor quality of the glues used in its wooden construction.

Attribute	Technical Specification (He 162 A-2)
Rolli	Interceptor / Emergency Fighter
Meeskonna	1 (Pilot)
First Flight	December 6, 1944
Jõuallikas	1 × BMW 003E-1 turbojet
Thrust	1,760 lbf (7.8 kN)
Maximum Speed	562 mph (905 km/h) at 20,000 ft
Endurance	30 minutes (approximate)
Armament	2 × 20mm MG 151/20 cannons

Radical Engineering in a Hurry

Dorsal Engine Mount: To simplify the fuel system and protect the engine from debris on rough runways, the BMW 003 jet was mounted directly on top of the fuselage. This required a twin-fin “H-tail” to allow the exhaust gases to pass between the rudders.
Wooden Construction: The wings were made entirely of wood, as was the nose and various fairings. In a famous incident during the first flight, the acidic “Tego film” glue ate through the wooden wing structure, leading to a catastrophic structural failure.
Ejection Seat: Despite being a “budget” fighter, the He 162 was one of the first operational aircraft to feature a Heinkel-designed ejection seat, powered by an explosive cartridge, because the pilot could not safely bail out through the top-mounted engine intake.
The “Salamander” Mystery: “Salamander” was the codename for the wing construction project, while the aircraft itself was officially the Spatz (Sparrow) or Volksjäger.

Brief Combat and Capture

Operational Units: Only one unit, JG 1, was fully equipped with the He 162 before the war ended. They claimed a handful of victories, but the aircraft’s short fuel endurance and landing gear issues caused more losses than enemy fire.
The British Assessment: After the war, British test pilot Eric “Winkle” Brown flew the He 162 and described it as having “the best all-round view” and being a “delightful” aerobatic platform, though he warned it was “unforgiving” if mishandled.
Aerodynamic Innovations: The wings featured distinctive turned-down “drooped” tips (Lippisch-style), which were intended to improve stability and prevent the aircraft from rolling unexpectedly at high speeds.
Survivors: Because so many were built (approx. 320), several exist today. Notable examples are at the RAF Museum London, the Smithsonian, and the Musée de l’Air et de l’Espace in France.