Mikoyan MiG-31

Mikoyan MiG-31
Land	Sovjetunionen
Rolle	Interceptorfly, angrebsfly
Første flyvning	6. maj 1981
Bygget	519+

Den Mikoyan MiG-31 (russisk: Микоян МиГ-31; NATO-rapporteringsnavn: Foxhound) er et supersonisk interceptorfly, der blev udviklet til brug af det sovjetiske luftvåben. Flyet blev designet af Mikoyan designbureau som en erstatning for den tidligere MiG-25 "Foxbat"; MiG-31 er baseret på og deler designelementer med MiG-25. MiG-31 udmærker sig ved at være blandt de hurtigste kampfly i verden. Det drives fortsat af det russiske luftvåben og Kasakhstans luftvåben efter afslutningen af den kolde krig og Sovjetunionens sammenbrud i 1991. Det russiske forsvarsministerium forventer, at MiG-31 vil forblive i tjeneste indtil 2030 eller derefter, og blev bekræftet i 2020, da der blev annonceret en forlængelse af levetiden fra 2.500 til 3.500 timer på de eksisterende flystel.

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Mikoyan MiG-31 Walk Around
Fotograf	Mikhail Putnikov
Lokalisering	Unknow
Billeder	14

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General Characteristics

The Mikoyan MiG-31 (NATO reporting name: Foxhound) is a Soviet/Russian supersonic interceptor aircraft designed to replace the earlier MiG-25 Foxbat. It was developed to defend vast Soviet airspace, particularly against cruise missiles and low-flying intruders. The MiG-31 is a highly unique aircraft, being one of the few jets in the world capable of achieving speeds near Mach 3 while carrying a heavy missile load. Its most significant feature is its advanced Zaslon S-800 phased array radar, making it the first fighter platform in the world to employ such a radar system. The aircraft operates in pairs or groups, with four MiG-31s capable of controlling an 800–900 km (500–560 mi) front line. It remains one of Russia’s primary long-range interceptors, with upgraded variants like the MiG-31BM still in service.

Property	Typical Value (MiG-31B/BS/BM)
Rolle	Long-Range Supersonic Interceptor
National Origin	Sovjetunionen / Rusland
Producent	Mikoyan Design Bureau / Sokol Aircraft Plant
First Flight	September 16, 1975
Service Entry	1981
No. Built	Approx. 500+
Besætning	2 (Pilot, Weapon Systems Officer/Navigator)
Længde	22.69 m (74 ft 5 in)
Vingefang	13.46 m (44 ft 2 in)
Max Takeoff Weight	46,200 kg (101,850 lb)

Powerplant and Performance

Engine: 2 x Soloviev D-30F6 afterburning turbofan engines.
Max Thrust (per engine, w/ afterburner): 152.0 kN (34,170 lbf).
Maximum Speed (High Altitude): Mach 2.83 (3,000 km/h or 1,860 mph). (Limited to Mach 2.35 by most modern operational parameters for engine longevity).
Maximum Speed (Low Altitude): Mach 1.23.
Service Ceiling: 20,600 m (67,600 ft).
Combat Radius (Subsonic): 720 km (450 mi).
Ferry Range: 3,300 km (2,050 mi) with two drop tanks.
Design Note: The MiG-31 is built with a greater proportion of steel and titanium (approx. 50% steel, 33% aluminum, 16% titanium) than its predecessor to better sustain high speeds.

Armament and Sensors

Internal Gun: 1 x 23 mm GSh-6-23 six-barrel rotary cannon (260 rounds) (removed in later modernization efforts like the MiG-31BM).
Hardpoints: 8 total (4 semi-recessed under the fuselage for R-33/37 missiles, 4 under-wing).
Key Armament:
- Primary Missile: R-33/AA-9 Amos (long-range radar-guided missile, range up to 160 km in earlier versions).
- Upgraded Missile (MiG-31BM): R-37/RVV-BD (extra long-range AAM, cited range up to 400 km).
- Short/Medium Range Missiles: R-40, R-60, R-73, and R-77.
- Kinzhal Missile: MiG-31K variants are modified to carry the Kh-47M2 Kinzhal air-launched hypersonic ballistic missile.
Key Sensor: Zaslon S-800 Phased Array Radar (PANDA)
- Range: Can detect targets up to 200 km (124 mi) away (MiG-31B) and track up to 10 targets simultaneously, engaging 4 of them.
- MiG-31BM upgrades: Feature the Zaslon-M radar with an increased detection range of 320 km and the ability to track 24 targets, engaging 8 simultaneously.