Short Sunderland

Short Sunderland
Pays	Royaume-uni
Rôle	Hydravion bombardier militaire
Premier vol	16 octobre 1937
Construit	749

Lla Court S.25 Sunderland was a British flying boat patrol bomber, developed and constructed by Short Brothers for the Royal Air Force (RAF). The aircraft took its service name from the town (latterly, city) and port of Sunderland in North East England. Developed in parallel with the civilian S.23 Empire flying boat, the flagship of Imperial Airways, the Sunderland was developed specifically to conform to the requirements of British Air Ministry Specification R.2/33 for a long-range patrol/reconnaissance flying boat to serve with the Royal Air Force (RAF). As designed, it served as a successor to the earlier Short Sarafand flying boat. Sharing several similarities with the S.23, it featured a more advanced aerodynamic hull and was outfitted with various offensive and defensive armaments, including machine gun turrets, bombs, aerial mines, and depth charges. The Sunderland was powered by four Bristol Pegasus XVIII radial engines and was outfitted with various detection equipment to aid combat operations, including the Leigh searchlight, the ASV Mark II and ASV Mark III radar units, and an astrodome.

Source: Short Sunderland sur Wikipedia

Courte promenade à Sunderland ML814
Photographe	Igor Kolokolov
Localisation	Inconnu
Photos	64

Short Sunderland ML814 1

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Short Sunderland ML814 9

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Courte promenade Sunderland MR5
Photographe	Ondrej Skarka
Localisation	Inconnu
Photos	43

Short Sunderland MR5

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General Characteristics (Short S.25 Sunderland Mk V)

The Short Sunderland was a British long-range patrol and reconnaissance flying boat, famously nicknamed the « Porc-épic volant » (German: Fliegendes Stachelschwein) due to its heavy defensive armament. ML814 is a historically significant aircraft, being the last four-engine passenger flying boat to cross a major ocean and the last airworthy Sunderland.

Property	Value (Sunderland Mk V Variant)
Rôle	Maritime Patrol, Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW)
Fabricant	Short Brothers Ltd
Crew	9 to 11 (Pilot, Co-pilot, Navigator, Engineer, Gunners, etc.)
Configuration	High-wing monoplane flying boat, two decks
Envergure	34.4 m (112 ft 9.5 in)
Maximum Take-Off Weight	Approx. 27,215 kg (60,000 lb)

Powerplant and Design

Engine: Four Pratt & Whitney R-1830-90B Twin Wasp 14-cylinder radial engines. (The Mk V switched from the Bristol Pegasus engines to US-built engines for better performance and reliability.)
Power Output: 895 kW (1,200 hp) each.
Cruising Speed: Approximately 285 km/h (178 mph).
Maximum Range: Up to 4,600 km (2,860 miles).
Key Role: Central to the Battle of the Atlantic, credited with sinking or severely damaging 26 German U-boats.

Armament and ML814 History

Typical Armament (Mk V): Numerous machine guns in nose, dorsal, and tail turrets (up to 12 x .303 in machine guns, with some fixed .50 cal guns later).
Offensive Load: Carried up to 2,250 kg (4,960 lb) of bombs, mines, or depth charges internally.
ML814 Wartime Service: Originally built as a Mk III, it was converted to a Mk V and served with the RAF’s Coastal Command, notably with **No. 201, 422 (RCAF), and 330 (Norwegian)** Squadrons during World War II.
Post-War Life: ML814 was converted for civilian use, later restored to flying condition, and holds the distinction of being the **last airworthy Sunderland**. It is now preserved as a museum exhibit.