Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star

Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star
Pays	Usa
Rôle	Chasseur à réaction
Premier vol	8 janvier 1944
Construit	1715

Lla Lockheed P-80 Étoile filante a été le premier chasseur à réaction utilisé opérationnellement par l’United States Army Air Forces (USAAF). Conçus et construits par Lockheed en 1943 et livrés seulement 143 jours après le début du processus de conception, les modèles de production volaient, et deux modèles de pré-production ont vu un service très limité en Italie juste avant la fin de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Conçu avec des ailes droites, le type a connu de nombreux combats en Corée avec l’United States Air Force (USAF) sous le nom de F-80.

Source: Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star sur Wikipédia

Lockheed P-80/F-80 Shooting Star Se promener
Photographe	Cees Hendriks
Localisation	Inconnu
Photos	37

Lockheed P-80-F-80 Shooting Star 01

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Lockheed P-80-F-80 Shooting Star 37

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Lockheed F-80C Walk Around
Photographe	Wright Patterson
Localisation	Inconnu
Photos	18

Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star Walk Around
Photographe	Dennis Sparks
Localisation	Inconnu
Photos	24

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The Dawn of the Jet Age

Lla Lockheed P-80 Étoile filante (re-designated F-80 in 1948) was the first jet fighter used operationally by the United States Army Air Forces. Designed by Clarence « Kelly » Johnson and his Skunk Works team in just 143 days, it was a response to the German Me 262. While it arrived too late to see combat in WWII, it became the cornerstone of the early Cold War USAF and participated in the first-ever jet-versus-jet dogfight during the Korean War.

Attribute	Technical Specification (F-80C)
Rôle	Fighter-Interceptor / Fighter-Bomber
Crew	1 (Pilot)
First Flight	January 8, 1944
Groupe motopropulseur	1 × Allison J33-A-35 centrifugal-flow turbojet
Thrust	5,400 lbf (24 kN)
Vitesse maximale	956 km/h (594 mph) at sea level
Armement	6 × .50 cal (12.7 mm) M3 Browning machine guns (Nose)
charge utile	2 × 1,000 lb bombs or 8 × 5-inch rockets

Design and Engineering Milestones

Centrifugal-Flow Turbojet: The P-80 utilized the Allison J33, based on the British Whittle design. Unlike modern axial-flow engines, the J33 used a large impeller to compress air, which gave the F-80 its characteristic « fat » mid-section.
Nose-Concentrated Armament: By placing the six machine guns in the nose rather than the wings, the F-80 eliminated « convergence » issues, allowing for a concentrated stream of fire at any range.
Lla « Misery » Fuel Tanks: Early jets had poor range. The F-80 was iconic for its large, teardrop-shaped wingtip fuel tanks. These not only extended range but were found to improve the wing’s aerodynamic efficiency at high speeds.
Skunk Works Beginning: The P-80 was the project that essentially birthed Lockheed’s « Skunk Works » division, establishing the culture of rapid prototyping and extreme secrecy.

The Korean War & Transition

The First Jet Dogfight: On November 8, 1950, Lieutenant Russell J. Brown, flying an F-80C, was credited with shooting down a Soviet-built MiG-15—the first victory in jet-versus-jet history.
Straight vs. Swept Wings: The Korean War quickly proved that the straight-winged F-80 was outmatched in speed by the swept-wing MiG-15. The F-80 was soon shifted to the ground-attack role, where it excelled due to its stability as a gun platform.
Training Legacy: The F-80 airframe was lengthened to create the T-33 « T-Bird », which became the most successful jet trainer in history, used by over 40 countries for over half a century.