Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star

Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star
Land	Usa
Roll	Jetplan
Första flygningen	8 januari 1944
Byggd	1715

Den Lockheed P-80 Stjärnfall var det första jetjaktplanet som användes operativt av United States Army Air Forces (USAAF). Designad och byggd av Lockheed 1943 och levererad bara 143 dagar från början av designprocessen, var produktionsmodellerna flygande, och två förproduktionsmodeller såg mycket begränsad tjänst i Italien strax före slutet av andra världskriget. Flygplanstypen var konstruerad med raka vingar och deltog i omfattande strider i Korea med USA:s flygvapen (USAF) som F-80.

Källkod: Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star på Wikipedia

Lockheed P-80/F-80 Shooting Star Walk Around
Fotograf	Cees Hendriks
Lokalisering	Unknow
Bilder	37

Lockheed P-80-F-80 Shooting Star 01

Lockheed P-80-F-80 Shooting Star 36

Lockheed P-80-F-80 Shooting Star 37

Lockheed P-80-F-80 Shooting Star 34

Lockheed P-80-F-80 Shooting Star 35

Lockheed P-80-F-80 Shooting Star 33

Lockheed P-80-F-80 Shooting Star 32

Lockheed P-80-F-80 Shooting Star 30

Lockheed P-80-F-80 Shooting Star 31

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Lockheed F-80C Walk Around
Fotograf	Wright Patterson
Lokalisering	Unknow
Bilder	18

Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star Walk Around
Fotograf	Dennis Sparks
Lokalisering	Unknow
Bilder	24

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The Dawn of the Jet Age

Den Lockheed P-80 Stjärnfall (re-designated F-80 in 1948) was the first jet fighter used operationally by the United States Army Air Forces. Designed by Clarence “Kelly” Johnson and his Skunk Works team in just 143 days, it was a response to the German Me 262. While it arrived too late to see combat in WWII, it became the cornerstone of the early Cold War USAF and participated in the first-ever jet-versus-jet dogfight during the Korean War.

Attribute	Technical Specification (F-80C)
Roll	Fighter-Interceptor / Fighter-Bomber
besättning	1 (Pilot)
First Flight	January 8, 1944
Kraftverk	1 × Allison J33-A-35 centrifugal-flow turbojet
Thrust	5,400 lbf (24 kN)
Maximum Speed	956 km/h (594 mph) at sea level
Beväpning	6 × .50 cal (12.7 mm) M3 Browning machine guns (Nose)
Nyttolast	2 × 1,000 lb bombs or 8 × 5-inch rockets

Design and Engineering Milestones

Centrifugal-Flow Turbojet: The P-80 utilized the Allison J33, based on the British Whittle design. Unlike modern axial-flow engines, the J33 used a large impeller to compress air, which gave the F-80 its characteristic “fat” mid-section.
Nose-Concentrated Armament: By placing the six machine guns in the nose rather than the wings, the F-80 eliminated “convergence” issues, allowing for a concentrated stream of fire at any range.
The “Misery” Fuel Tanks: Early jets had poor range. The F-80 was iconic for its large, teardrop-shaped wingtip fuel tanks. These not only extended range but were found to improve the wing’s aerodynamic efficiency at high speeds.
Skunk Works Beginning: The P-80 was the project that essentially birthed Lockheed’s “Skunk Works” division, establishing the culture of rapid prototyping and extreme secrecy.

The Korean War & Transition

The First Jet Dogfight: On November 8, 1950, Lieutenant Russell J. Brown, flying an F-80C, was credited with shooting down a Soviet-built MiG-15—the first victory in jet-versus-jet history.
Straight vs. Swept Wings: The Korean War quickly proved that the straight-winged F-80 was outmatched in speed by the swept-wing MiG-15. The F-80 was soon shifted to the ground-attack role, where it excelled due to its stability as a gun platform.
Training Legacy: The F-80 airframe was lengthened to create the T-33 “T-Bird”, which became the most successful jet trainer in history, used by over 40 countries for over half a century.