Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star

Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star
Země	SPOJENÉ STÁTY
Roli	Proudový stíhač
První let	8. ledna 1944
Postaven	1715

Tá Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star byl první proudový stíhač používaný provozně armádními vzdušnými silami Spojených států (USAAF). Byly navrženy a vyrobeny společností Lockheed v roce 1943 a dodány pouhých 143 dní od začátku procesu návrhu, výrobní modely létaly a dva předprodukční modely viděly v Itálii velmi omezený servis těsně před koncem druhé světové války. Typ byl navržen s rovnými křídly a v Koreji zažil rozsáhlý boj s letectvem Spojených států (USAF) jako F-80.

Zdroj: Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star na Wikipedii

Lockheed P-80/F-80 Shooting Star Procházka kolem
Fotograf	Cees Hendriks
Lokalizace	Neznámé
Fotografie	37

Lockheed P-80-F-80 Shooting Star 01

Lockheed P-80-F-80 Shooting Star 36

Lockheed P-80-F-80 Shooting Star 37

Lockheed P-80-F-80 Shooting Star 34

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Lockheed P-80-F-80 Shooting Star 31

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Lockheed F-80C Walk Around
Fotograf	Wright Patterson
Lokalizace	Neznámé
Fotografie	18

Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star Walk Around
Fotograf	Dennis Sparks
Lokalizace	Neznámé
Fotografie	24

Viz také:

The Dawn of the Jet Age

Tá Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star (re-designated F-80 in 1948) was the first jet fighter used operationally by the United States Army Air Forces. Designed by Clarence “Kelly” Johnson and his Skunk Works team in just 143 days, it was a response to the German Me 262. While it arrived too late to see combat in WWII, it became the cornerstone of the early Cold War USAF and participated in the first-ever jet-versus-jet dogfight during the Korean War.

Attribute	Technical Specification (F-80C)
Roli	Fighter-Interceptor / Fighter-Bomber
Posádky	1 (Pilot)
First Flight	January 8, 1944
Pohonná jednotka	1 × Allison J33-A-35 centrifugal-flow turbojet
Thrust	5,400 lbf (24 kN)
Maximum Speed	956 km/h (594 mph) at sea level
Zbrojení	6 × .50 cal (12.7 mm) M3 Browning machine guns (Nose)
Datová část	2 × 1,000 lb bombs or 8 × 5-inch rockets

Design and Engineering Milestones

Centrifugal-Flow Turbojet: The P-80 utilized the Allison J33, based on the British Whittle design. Unlike modern axial-flow engines, the J33 used a large impeller to compress air, which gave the F-80 its characteristic “fat” mid-section.
Nose-Concentrated Armament: By placing the six machine guns in the nose rather than the wings, the F-80 eliminated “convergence” issues, allowing for a concentrated stream of fire at any range.
The “Misery” Fuel Tanks: Early jets had poor range. The F-80 was iconic for its large, teardrop-shaped wingtip fuel tanks. These not only extended range but were found to improve the wing’s aerodynamic efficiency at high speeds.
Skunk Works Beginning: The P-80 was the project that essentially birthed Lockheed’s “Skunk Works” division, establishing the culture of rapid prototyping and extreme secrecy.

The Korean War & Transition

The First Jet Dogfight: On November 8, 1950, Lieutenant Russell J. Brown, flying an F-80C, was credited with shooting down a Soviet-built MiG-15—the first victory in jet-versus-jet history.
Straight vs. Swept Wings: The Korean War quickly proved that the straight-winged F-80 was outmatched in speed by the swept-wing MiG-15. The F-80 was soon shifted to the ground-attack role, where it excelled due to its stability as a gun platform.
Training Legacy: The F-80 airframe was lengthened to create the T-33 “T-Bird”, which became the most successful jet trainer in history, used by over 40 countries for over half a century.