Jakovlev Jak-18

Jakovlev Jak-18
Země	Sovětský svaz
Typ	Výcviková letadla
Úvod	1946
Stav	V omezeném provozu

Tá Jakovlev Jak-18 (rusky: Яковлев Як-18; NATO (NATO Reporting Name Max) byl sovětský tandemový dvoumístný vojenský primární cvičný letoun. Původně byl poháněn jedním hvězdicovým pístovým motorem Švecov M-11FR-1 o výkonu 119 kW (160 k), do služby vstoupil v roce 1946. Vyrábí se také v Číně jako Nanchang CJ-5.

Zdroj: Jakovlev Jak-18 na Wikipedii

Jakovlev Jak-18 Procházka kolem
Fotograf	Vladimir Jakubov
Lokalizace	Stroje snů na pobřeží Tichého oceánu
Fotografie	97

Yak-18 01

Yak-18 02

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Yak-18 04

Yak-18 05

Yak-18 06

Yak-18 07

Yak-18 08

Yak-18 09

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Jakovlev Jak-18 Procházka kolem
Fotograf	Vladimir Jakubov
Lokalizace	Muzeum letadel slávy, Chino
Fotografie	43

Yakovlev Yak-18 01

Yakovlev Yak-18 02

Yakovlev Yak-18 03

Yakovlev Yak-18 04

Yakovlev Yak-18 05

Yakovlev Yak-18 06

Yakovlev Yak-18 07

Yakovlev Yak-18 09

Yakovlev Yak-18 08

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Nanchang CJ-5 Procházka kolem
Fotograf	Vladimir Jakubov
Lokalizace	Letecká přehlídka Salinas
Fotografie	54

Nanchang CJ-55 01

Nanchang CJ-55 02

Nanchang CJ-55 03

Nanchang CJ-55 04

Nanchang CJ-55 05

Nanchang CJ-55 07

Nanchang CJ-55 06

Nanchang CJ-55 08

Nanchang CJ-55 09

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Viz také:

The Gateway to the Red Air Force

Tá Jakovlev Jak-18 was the primary basic trainer for the Soviet Air Force and civilian DOSAAF flying clubs for decades. Introduced in 1946 to replace the legendary but aging Po-2 biplane, it was designed to be rugged, forgiving, and easy to maintain. While it looked like a simple trainer, it was the aircraft that shaped the skills of nearly every Soviet pilot of the early Cold War—including Yuri Gagarin, the first human in space.

Attribute	Technical Specification (Yak-18 Early Variant)
Roli	Primary Trainer / Liaison
Posádky	2 (Student and Instructor in tandem)
First Flight	1946
Pohonná jednotka	1 × Shvetsov M-11FR 5-cylinder radial
Horsepower	160 hp (119 kW)
Maximum Speed	154 mph (248 km/h)
Service Ceiling	13,120 feet (4,000 m)
Konstrukce	Metal frame with fabric and metal skin

Design Evolution: From Taildragger to Tricycle

The M-11 “Helmeted” Engine: The original Yak-18 used the classic Shvetsov M-11 radial engine. It was easily recognizable by the individual “helmet” fairings over each cylinder head, designed to provide cooling while reducing drag.
The Yak-18A Upgrade: As Soviet jet fighters moved to tricycle landing gear (nose-wheel), the Yak-18 was redesigned as the **Yak-18A**. It featured a much more powerful engine and a nose-wheel configuration to better prepare students for modern jets.
Pneumatic Systems: In a distinctively Soviet design choice, the Yak-18 used compressed air (pneumatics) rather than hydraulics to operate its landing gear, flaps, and brakes. This made it reliable in extreme Siberian winters where hydraulic fluid might freeze or leak. [Image diagram of the Yak-18 pneumatic system layout for landing gear and flaps]
Mixed Construction: To save weight and strategic materials, the rear fuselage and wings were fabric-covered over a metal frame, while the forward fuselage was metal-skinned for durability near the engine.

A Global Legacy and “Night Witch” Roots

Gagarin’s First Wing: Yuri Gagarin learned to fly in a Yak-18 at the Saratov Aero Club. He famously returned to visit his old flight instructor after his historic spaceflight, crediting the Yak-18’s honest handling for his foundational skills.
Combat in Korea: Although a trainer, the North Korean Air Force used Yak-18s (alongside Po-2s) for “Bedcheck Charlie” night raids. Flying low and slow at night, they were nearly impossible for US jet interceptors to track on radar or shoot down.
The Chinese CJ-6: The Yak-18 was licensed to China, where it evolved into the Nanchang CJ-6. While heavily modified with an all-metal flush-riveted skin and a different wing profile, its DNA remains rooted in the Yakovlev design.
Acrobatic Pedigree: The success of the Yak-18 led directly to the Yak-18P A Yak-18PM, world-championship-winning single-seat aerobatic aircraft that dominated international competitions in the 1960s.