M7B2 牧师 | |
|---|---|
| 国家 | 美国 |
| 时期 | 朝鲜战争 |
| 类型 | 自行火炮 |
| 描述 | 专辑 131 走动照片的自行枪"M7B2牧师" |
照片库上的M7B2牧师，正式命名为105毫米榴弹炮机动运输M7， M7 牧师 是美国在二战期间生产的自行火炮。牧师是英国人的昵称，因为放在铁轨上的机关枪给人的印象是坦克装有讲坛。它遵循了 主教 英语，他们正式eded它105毫米SP牧师。（英国人喜欢给他们的自走式枪（牧师，主教，主教，塞克斯顿-萨克里斯坦）起与宗教有关的名字，这一传统一直持续到20世纪60年代与艾博特（阿博特）。 版本 M7B2 ：在朝鲜战争期间，榴弹炮的有限高度成为一个真正的问题，它被增加到65度。机枪安装也必须改进，使发射能力达到360度。这个问题源于这样一个事实，即朝鲜冲突大部分时间发生在丘陵地带，朝鲜在首尔以北的山顶上部署了火炮。
另请参阅：
这 M7 Howitzer Motor Carriage, better known by its British service name the “Priest,” was a highly successful American self-propelled artillery vehicle. It was developed and produced during World War II to provide a mobile, armored platform capable of offering close fire support to advancing armored divisions and infantry units.
Key Features and Specifications
- 角色： Self-propelled artillery/howitzer.
- 主要武器： A powerful 105mm M2A1 howitzer, capable of firing high-explosive, smoke, and anti-tank rounds.
- Ammunition Capacity: Carried up to 69 rounds for the main gun.
- Secondary Armament: 一 .50 caliber M2 Browning heavy machine gun, mounted in a circular “pulpit” cupola. This distinctive mount is what inspired the British nickname “Priest.”
- 底盘：
- M7 (Early): Based on the modified chassis of the M3 Lee medium tank.
- M7B1/M7B2 (Later): Based on the chassis of the M4谢尔曼中型坦克.
- Crew Protection: Featured an open-topped fighting compartment with a steel superstructure. This provided protection from small arms and shell fragments but left the crew vulnerable to air bursts.
- 流动性： Fully tracked, allowing for good cross-country movement and the ability to keep pace with mechanized forces.
Combat Service and Legacy
The M7 Priest first saw combat with the British Eighth Army at the Second Battle of El Alamein in late 1942. It was widely used across all major theaters of operation, including North Africa, the Mediterranean, Northwest Europe (Normandy), and the Pacific.
Its operational success lay in its “shoot-and-scoot” capability, which allowed it to quickly fire barrages and relocate before enemy counter-battery fire could zero in. The Priest’s design and performance cemented the need for self-propelled artillery in modern mechanized warfare. It continued to serve beyond World War II, seeing action with US forces and allies during the 朝鲜战争.
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