Handley Page Halifax | |
|---|---|
| 国家 | 英国 |
| 作用 | 重型轰炸机 |
| 首次飞行 | 1939年10月25日 |
| 建立 | 6176 |
这 汉德利页面哈利法克斯 was a Royal Air Force (RAF) four-engined heavy bomber of the Second World War. It was developed by Handley Page to the same specification as the contemporary twin-engine Avro Manchester. The Halifax has its origins in the twin-engine HP56 proposal of the late 1930s, produced in response to the British Air Ministry’s Specification P.13/36 for a capable medium bomber for “world-wide use.” The HP56 was ordered as a backup to the Avro 679, both aircraft being designed to use the underperforming Rolls-Royce Vulture engine. The Handley Page design was altered at the Ministry to a four-engine arrangement powered by the Rolls-Royce Merlin engine; the rival Avro 679 was produced as the twin-engine Avro Manchester which, while regarded as unsuccessful mainly due to the Vulture engine, was a direct predecessor of the famed Avro Lancaster. Both the Lancaster and the Halifax would emerge as capable four-engined strategic bombers, thousands of which would be built and operated by the RAF and several other services during the War.
源： 维基百科上的汉德利页面哈利法克斯
| Handley Page Halifax Bomber Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| Photographer | Bill Maloney |
| Localisation | RCAF Royal Canadian Air Force Museum |
| Photos | 45 |
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General Characteristics and Role
The Handley Page Halifax was one of the three principal four-engined heavy bombers used by the Royal Air Force (RAF) during World War II, alongside the Avro Lancaster and the Short Stirling. Developed from a 1936 specification for a twin-engine medium bomber, it was quickly upscaled into a heavy bomber when the war began. It formed the backbone of RAF Bomber Command’s night offensive against Germany from 1941 onward. While primarily a bomber, the Halifax proved to be an extremely versatile aircraft, serving successfully in roles including coastal command (anti-submarine warfare), glider tugging, troop transport, and electronic warfare (EW).
| Property | Typical Value (Halifax B.Mk III, most numerous variant) |
|---|---|
| 作用 | Heavy Bomber, Maritime Reconnaissance, Transport |
| National Origin | 英国 |
| 制造商 | Handley Page, English Electric, Fairey Aviation, Rootes Motors, London Aircraft Production Group |
| First Flight | 1939年10月25日 |
| 船员 | 7 (Pilot, Flight Engineer, Navigator, Bomb Aimer, Radio Operator, 2 Gunners) |
| 长度 | 21.82 m (71 ft 7 in) |
| 翼展 | 31.75 m (104 ft 2 in) |
| 高度 | 6.32 m (20 ft 9 in) |
| Empty Weight | 17,340 kg (38,220 lb) |
| Max Takeoff Weight | 29,480 kg (65,000 lb) |
Powerplant and Performance
- Engines: 4 x Bristol Hercules XVI 14-cylinder radial engines.
- Power Output (Each): 1,200 kW (1,615 hp).
- Maximum Speed: 454 km/h (282 mph; 245 kn) at 4,115 m (13,500 ft).
- Cruise Speed: 346 km/h (215 mph).
- Range: 3,000 km (1,860 mi; 1,620 nmi) with typical bombload.
- Service Ceiling: 7,315 m (24,000 ft).
Armament and Bombload
- Defensive Armament: Typically 9 x .303 in (7.7 mm) Browning machine guns spread across a nose turret, a dorsal (mid-upper) turret, and a large four-gun tail turret.
- Bombload: Normal maximum load was 5,897 kg (13,000 lb).
- Bomb Bay: Split bomb bays in the fuselage and smaller bomb cells in the wing center section allowed for a flexible mixture of general-purpose bombs and incendiaries.
- Production: Over 6,176 Halifax aircraft were built during the war. It flew the second-highest number of sorties and dropped the second-highest tonnage of bombs among RAF heavy bombers.
视图： 3544
