ZIL-135

ZIL-135
Land	Sovjetunionen
Rolle	Artillery truck
Produceret	1959-1963 (ZIL)
	1963-1994 (BAZ)
Bygget	Unknow

ZIL-135 er en stor, ottehjulet militær transport og selvkørende artilleribil produceret i den kolde krig af Sovjetunionen startende i 1959. Dens formål var at bære og lancere et artilleri missil, specifikt en FROG-7, fra overflade til overflade. ZIL-135 blev bredt eksporteret til andre kommunistiske lande, især Nordkorea, hvor det er et almindeligt syn i film og militære marcher. Det fungerede også som TEL for BM-27 Uragan artilleri raketsystem.

Kilde: ZIL-135 på Wikipedia

FROG-7 Luna on BAZ-135 Walk Around
Fotograf	Robert De Craecker
Lokalisering	Unknow
Billeder	121

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General Characteristics and Role

The ZIL-135 is a Soviet/Russian high-mobility, eight-wheeled (8×8) military truck developed by the Likhaev Automobile Plant (ZIL). Designed specifically to carry heavy loads and traverse extremely difficult terrain, it became famous primarily as the transporter and launcher for the BM-27 Uragan and BM-30 Smerch multiple rocket launcher systems (MRLS). Its unusual and highly capable design featured a long, flat cargo area, a distinctive forward-control cab, and a unique engine and transmission setup for optimal off-road performance. It was a staple of Soviet and later Russian missile artillery forces for decades.

Property	Typical Value (ZIL-135LM)
Rolle	Heavy Artillery/Missile Transporter and Launcher
National Origin	Soviet Union (USSR)
Producent	Zavod imeni Likhachova (ZIL)
Service Entry	1963
Besætning	4 (Driver, Commander, 2 Gunners/Operators)
Payload Capacity	9,000 kg (20,000 lb)
Length Overall	9.27 m (30 ft 5 in)
Bredde	2.80 m (9 ft 2 in)
Højde	2.53 m (8 ft 4 in) (Cab Top)
Weight (Mass)	Approx. 12,000 kg (Empty)

Powerplant and Unique Drivetrain

Engines: 2 x ZIL-375YA V8 petrol engines. (Located directly behind the cab).
Power Output (Total): 270 kW (360 hp) (180 hp from each engine).
Drivetrain: A unique setup where each engine drives only one side of the vehicle (one engine for the left-side wheels, one for the right-side wheels), improving off-road capability and reliability.
Driven Axles: All 8 wheels are driven (8×8).
Steering: Only the front two axles and the rear two axles are steerable, allowing for a tight turning radius despite the vehicle’s length. The two central axles are fixed.
Maximum Speed: 65 km/h (40 mph) on road.
Operational Range: 500 km (310 mi).

Military Systems and Variants

Primary Role: Transporter/Launcher for MRLS, including:
- BM-27 Uragan (Hurricane) 220 mm MRLS.
- BM-30 Smerch (Tornado) 300 mm MRLS.
Missile Transport: Also used as the mobile chassis for the Luna-M (Frog-7) tactical ballistic missile system.
Tire System: Equipped with a Central Tire Inflation System (CTIS), allowing the driver to adjust tire pressure for optimal traction on different surfaces.
Varianter:
- ZIL-135E: Prototype featuring electrical transmission (electric motors in the hubs).
- ZIL-135K: Prototype for missile transport (never mass-produced).
- ZIL-135LM: Mass-produced model with manual transmission (most common version).
- ZIL-135LN: Variant with a crane and recovery equipment.