川崎 Ki-61 | |
|---|---|
| 国家 | 日本 |
| 作用 | 战斗机 |
| 首次飞行 | 1941年12月 |
| 已构建数量 | 3075 |
这 川崎 Ki-61 平 （飛燕，"飞燕"）是日本陆军航空兵使用的日本二战战斗机。日本陆军的名称是"陆军3型战斗机"（三戦闘機）。盟军情报部门最初认为Ki-61是梅塞施密特Bf109，后来是意大利麦基C.202，这导致盟军报告名称为"托尼"，由美国战争部指定。这是日本战争中唯一大规模生产的战斗机，使用液体冷却的内联V发动机。生产了3 000多台Ki-61。最初的原型在1942年4月18日的杜利特尔突袭中看到横滨上空的行动，并在整个战争期间继续执行作战任务。
源： 维基上的川崎 Ki-61
| Kawasaki Ki-61 | |
|---|---|
| 摄影师 | 未知 |
| 本地化 | 未知 |
| 照片 | 301 |
另请参阅：
General Characteristics
The Kawasaki Ki-61 Hien (Flying Swallow) was a fighter aircraft used by the Imperial Japanese Army Air Service during World War II. It was designated the “Army Type 3 Fighter” and was notable for being the only mass-produced Japanese fighter of the war to utilize a liquid-cooled inverted V-12 engine, a design unique among its contemporaries which predominantly used air-cooled radial engines. Allied forces initially misidentified the Ki-61 as a German or Italian fighter, assigning it the reporting name “Tony.” Its liquid-cooled engine, relatively high speed, and robust construction (including self-sealing fuel tanks and armor protection) set it apart from other Japanese fighters optimized for pure maneuverability.
| Property | Typical Value (Ki-61-I Kai Hei) |
|---|---|
| 作用 | Single-Seat Fighter / Interceptor |
| National Origin | 日本 |
| 制造商 | Kawasaki Kokuki Kogyo K.K. |
| First Flight | 1941年12月 |
| Service Entry | 1943 |
| No. Built | Over 3,000 (all variants) |
| 船员 | 1 (Pilot) |
| 长度 | 8.94 m (29 ft 4 in) |
| 翼展 | 12.00 m (39 ft 4 in) |
| Max Takeoff Weight | 3,470 kg (7,650 lb) |
Powerplant and Performance
- Engine: 1 x Kawasaki Ha-40 (Army Type 2) inverted V-12 liquid-cooled piston engine (a license-built version of the German Daimler-Benz DB 601A).
- Power Output (Ha-40): 877 kW (1,175 hp).
- Power Output (Later Ha-140 in Ki-61-II): 1,119 kW (1,500 hp) (though Ha-140 had reliability issues).
- Maximum Speed (Ki-61-I at 5,000 m): Approx. 580 km/h (360 mph).
- Maximum Speed (Ki-61-II at 6,000 m): Approx. 610 km/h (379 mph).
- Service Ceiling: 10,000 m (32,810 ft) (Ki-61-I).
- Time to 5,000 m: Approx. 7.0 minutes.
Armament and Variants
- Armament Varied Significantly by Sub-Variant:
- Ki-61-I-Ko/Otsu: Early versions typically carried two 12.7 mm Ho-103 machine guns in the fuselage and two 7.7 mm (or later 12.7 mm) machine guns in the wings.
- Ki-61-I Kai Hei: Equipped with two 12.7 mm Ho-103 machine guns in the fuselage and two imported German 20 mm Mauser MG 151 cannons in the wings.
- Ki-61-I Kai Tei/Ki-61-II KAI: Later versions standardized on the Japanese 20 mm Ho-5 cannon (two in the nose, two in the wings) for a significant firepower increase.
- External Stores: Could carry two drop tanks (e.g., 200 L) or two 250 kg (550 lb) bombs on wing racks.
- Key Development: When the problematic Ha-140 liquid-cooled engine was no longer available due to factory destruction, Kawasaki adapted the airframe to use the reliable Mitsubishi Ha-112 radial engine, creating the highly successful Ki-100 fighter.
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