Fairey Delta 2 | |
|---|---|
| 国家 | 英国 |
| 作用 | 高速研究飞机 |
| 第一只苍蝇 | 1954年10月6日 |
| 建立 | 2 |
这 费利三角洲 2 FD2（在费利的内部指定V型）是英国超音速研究飞机，由费利航空公司根据供应部的规格生产，用于对以超音速和超音速飞行和控制进行调查的专用飞机。该类型的主要特点包括采用三角洲翼和下垂鼻子。1954年10月6日，达美2号进行了首次飞行，由费利试飞员彼得·特维斯驾驶：总共将生产两架飞机。达美2号是费利作为独立制造者生产的最后一架飞机。
| BAC 221 Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| 摄影师 | 霍华德·梅森 |
| 本地化 | 舰队航空兵博物馆 |
| 照片 | 61 |
另请参阅：
| Fairey Delta FD2 Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| 摄影师 | 明德·德·弗瑞泽 |
| 本地化 | 未知 |
| 照片 | 25 |
General Characteristics and Role
The BAC 221 was a highly specialized British research aircraft developed to support the Concorde supersonic transport program. It was not a “new” airframe from scratch, but rather a total reconstruction of the record-breaking Fairey Delta 2 (WG774). The primary objective of the BAC 221 was to investigate the aerodynamic behavior of the ogival (ogee) slender delta wing at high speeds. This specific wing shape was critical for Concorde’s success, balancing high-speed efficiency with manageable low-speed handling. The aircraft featured a significantly lengthened fuselage and a much taller landing gear to accommodate the high angles of attack required during landing.
| Property | Typical Value (BAC 221) |
|---|---|
| 类型 | Experimental Supersonic Research Aircraft |
| National Origin | 英国 |
| 制造商 | British Aircraft Corporation (BAC) |
| First Flight (Rebuilt) | May 1, 1964 |
| 船员 | 1 (Pilot) |
| 长度 | 17.56 m (57 ft 7 in) |
| 翼展 | 7.62 m (25 ft 0 in) |
| 最高速度 | Mach 1.65 (Approx. 1,700 km/h) |
Powerplant and Wing Design
- Engine: 1 x Rolls-Royce Avon RA.28R afterburning turbojet.
- Engine Thrust: 10,000 lbf dry / 14,000 lbf with reheat.
- Ogival Wing: The centerpiece of the modification, this “ogee” wing replaced the straight-tapered delta of the FD2 to mimic the planned planform for Concorde.
- Landing Gear: To handle the nose-high landing attitude of the slender delta, a completely new, taller undercarriage was fitted, utilizing components from the English Electric Lightning.
- Droop Nose: Retained and refined from the Fairey Delta 2, the entire cockpit and nose section could be tilted downwards to allow the pilot to see the runway during approach.
- Instrumentation: Equipped with extensive flight-test sensors and a camera mounted in a fin-tip fairing to record airflow patterns over the wing using wool tufts.
Service History and Preservation
- RAE Bedford: Following its maiden flight, the aircraft was delivered to the Royal Aircraft Establishment (RAE) at Bedford, where it conducted nearly a decade of high-speed trials.
- Flight Research: While the Handley Page HP.115 tested the low-speed characteristics of the delta wing, the BAC 221 provided the vital supersonic data needed to finalize the Concorde’s flight control systems.
- Retirement: The aircraft was retired in 1973 after the Concorde prototypes had already begun their own successful test flights.
- Current Status: Today, the BAC 221 is preserved and on display at the Fleet Air Arm Museum in Yeovilton, Somerset. It is positioned directly alongside the British Concorde prototype (G-BSST), allowing visitors to see the direct evolution of the wing design.
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