Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star

Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star
País	Eua
Papel	Caça a jato
Primeiro voo	8 de janeiro de 1944
Construído	1715

O Lockheed P-80 Estrela Cadente foi o primeiro caça a jato usado operacionalmente pelas Forças Aéreas do Exército dos Estados Unidos (USAAF). Projetado e construído pela Lockheed em 1943 e entregue a apenas 143 dias do início do processo de design, os modelos de produção estavam voando, e dois modelos de pré-produção tiveram um serviço muito limitado na Itália pouco antes do final da Segunda Guerra Mundial. Projetado com asas retas, o tipo viu um extenso combate na Coreia com a Força Aérea dos Estados Unidos (USAF) como o F-80.

Fonte: Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star na Wikipédia

Lockheed P-80/F-80 Shooting Star Andar ao redor
Fotógrafo	Cees Hendriks
Localização	Desconhecido
Fotos	37

Lockheed P-80-F-80 Shooting Star 01

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Lockheed F-80C Walk Around
Fotógrafo	Wright Patterson
Localização	Desconhecido
Fotos	18

Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star Walk Around
Fotógrafo	Dennis Faíscas
Localização	Desconhecido
Fotos	24

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The Dawn of the Jet Age

O Lockheed P-80 Estrela Cadente (re-designated F-80 in 1948) was the first jet fighter used operationally by the United States Army Air Forces. Designed by Clarence “Kelly” Johnson and his Skunk Works team in just 143 days, it was a response to the German Me 262. While it arrived too late to see combat in WWII, it became the cornerstone of the early Cold War USAF and participated in the first-ever jet-versus-jet dogfight during the Korean War.

Attribute	Technical Specification (F-80C)
Papel	Fighter-Interceptor / Fighter-Bomber
tripulação	1 (Pilot)
First Flight	January 8, 1944
Usina	1 × Allison J33-A-35 centrifugal-flow turbojet
Thrust	5,400 lbf (24 kN)
Maximum Speed	956 km/h (594 mph) at sea level
Armamento	6 × .50 cal (12.7 mm) M3 Browning machine guns (Nose)
Carga útil	2 × 1,000 lb bombs or 8 × 5-inch rockets

Design and Engineering Milestones

Centrifugal-Flow Turbojet: The P-80 utilized the Allison J33, based on the British Whittle design. Unlike modern axial-flow engines, the J33 used a large impeller to compress air, which gave the F-80 its characteristic “fat” mid-section.
Nose-Concentrated Armament: By placing the six machine guns in the nose rather than the wings, the F-80 eliminated “convergence” issues, allowing for a concentrated stream of fire at any range.
The “Misery” Fuel Tanks: Early jets had poor range. The F-80 was iconic for its large, teardrop-shaped wingtip fuel tanks. These not only extended range but were found to improve the wing’s aerodynamic efficiency at high speeds.
Skunk Works Beginning: The P-80 was the project that essentially birthed Lockheed’s “Skunk Works” division, establishing the culture of rapid prototyping and extreme secrecy.

The Korean War & Transition

The First Jet Dogfight: On November 8, 1950, Lieutenant Russell J. Brown, flying an F-80C, was credited with shooting down a Soviet-built MiG-15—the first victory in jet-versus-jet history.
Straight vs. Swept Wings: The Korean War quickly proved that the straight-winged F-80 was outmatched in speed by the swept-wing MiG-15. The F-80 was soon shifted to the ground-attack role, where it excelled due to its stability as a gun platform.
Training Legacy: The F-80 airframe was lengthened to create the T-33 “T-Bird”, which became the most successful jet trainer in history, used by over 40 countries for over half a century.