パナール EBR FL-11

パンハルト EBR

フランス
装輪式偵察車
生産1951-1960
構築1179

パンハルト EBR (Panhard Engin Blindé de Reconnaissance、フランス語:装甲偵察車)は、パナールがフランス陸軍のために設計し、後に世界中で、特にアルジェリア戦争中のフランス軍と海外戦争中のポルトガル軍によって使用された装甲車です。

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Panhard EBR FL-11 Walk Around
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Panhard EBR FL-11 Walk Around
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The Panhard EBR was a heavy armored car designed for the French Army immediately after World War II to serve a reconnaissance role. It is famous for its unique 8×8 configuration, symmetrical hull, and the ability to be driven in either direction. The FL-11 designation refers to the specific Fives-Lille oscillating turret used on this variant.

Unique Design and Mobility

The EBR featured a highly innovative design focused on speed and survivability.

  • Crew: 4 (Commander, Gunner, Front Driver, Rear Driver).
  • Bi-directional Drive: The vehicle had two driving positions (one at the front, one at the rear) and a symmetrical hull, allowing it to rapidly reverse without turning around.
  • Wheel Configuration: 8×8 drive. The four central metal wheels could be raised for high-speed road travel and lowered for better traction off-road, particularly on soft ground.
  • Engine Placement: The flat-twelve cylinder engine was located directly under the fighting compartment, improving protection but making major maintenance difficult (requiring turret removal).

Specifications (Model 1951 with FL-11 Turret)

Property 価値
Armored Car / Reconnaissance Vehicle
Mass (Combat Weight) 13トン
長さ 6.15 m (20 ft 2 in)
2.42 m (7 ft 11 in)
高さ 2.24 m (7 ft 4 in)
エンジン Panhard 12H 6000 S Flat-Twelve Gasoline
Engine Power 200 hp
最高速度 Up to 115 km/h (71 mph) on road
動作範囲 ~700 km (430 mi)

Armament and Turret

  • Turret Type: FL-11 Oscillating Turret. This design separates the gun and the upper section from the lower turret ring, simplifying the incorporation of an autoloader or a larger gun caliber.
  • Initial Main Armament: 75 mm SA 49 rifled gun (Model 1951).
  • Upgraded Main Armament: Many FL-11 variants were later refitted with the more powerful 90 mm CN 90 F2 low-pressure gun (from 1964).
  • Secondary Armament: Typically three 7.5 mm MAC 31 Reibel machine guns (one coaxial, one in the front hull, and one in the rear hull), with an optional fourth on the commander’s hatch.
  • Armor: Light (maximum 40 mm on the sloped turret front) but concentrated on the front and rear to protect the drivers, supporting its hit-and-run role.
The EBR famously served as the hearse for President Charles de Gaulle in 1970, demonstrating its symbolic importance to the French nation.

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