MIM-104 Patriot

MIM-104 Patriot
Pays	Usa
Rôle	Missile sol-air mobile à longue portée avec capacité de missile antibalistique
En service	Depuis 1981
Construit	Plus de 1100 lanceurs

Lla MIM-104 Patriote est un système de missiles sol-air (SAM), le principal du genre utilisé par l’armée américaine et plusieurs pays alliés. Il est fabriqué par l’entrepreneur de défense américain Raytheon et tire son nom de la composante radar du système d’armes. L’AN/MPQ-53 au cœur du système est connu sous le nom de « Radar de suivi de réseau progressivement à intercepter sur la cible » qui est un backronym pour PATRIOT. Le Patriot System a remplacé le système Nike Hercules en tant qu’armée américaine’système principal de défense aérienne haute à moyenne (HIMAD), et a remplacé le système MIM-23 Hawk comme l’armée américaine’système de défense aérienne tactique moyenne. En plus de ces rôles, Patriot a reçu la fonction de l’armée américaine’système de missiles antibalistiques (ABM), qui est maintenant Patriot’mission principale. On s’attend à ce que le système reste en exploitation au moins jusqu’en 2040

Source: MIM-104 Patriot sur Wikipedia

Patriot Missile Battery Walk Around
Photographer	Dieter Krause
Localisation	Unknow
Photos	102

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General Characteristics and Role

The MIM-104 Patriot (Phased Array Tracking Radar to Intercept Of Target) is a highly capable surface-to-air missile (SAM) system used by the United States Army and many allied nations. It was originally designed to engage aircraft but was modernized to counter tactical ballistic missiles (TBMs) and cruise missiles. The Patriot system is not a single vehicle but a highly integrated mobile battery, consisting of several key components linked by fiber optics and radio, including the Engagement Control Station (ECS), a power plant, and, most critically, the MPQ-53/65 Phased-Array Radar and the M901 Launching Station. Patriot batteries are typically deployed to protect high-value military assets, population centers, and critical infrastructure from air attack.

Component	Description / Platform
System Role	Air and Missile Defense (AMD)
National Origin	États-Unis
Fabricant	Raytheon
Service Entry	1984
Primary Missile	PAC-2 (Patriot Advanced Capability-2) and PAC-3
Radar Unit	AN/MPQ-53/65 (Phased-Array)
Launcher Platform	M901 Launching Station (Truck-mounted)
Total Missiles (per Battery)	Varies, typically 32 (PAC-2) to 128 (PAC-3)

Missile and Performance (PAC-3 MSE Variant)

Missile Type: The PAC-3 Missile Segment Enhancement (MSE) is the primary interceptor. It uses hit-to-kill technology (kinetic energy) rather than a blast fragmentation warhead.
Guidance: Track-Via-Missile (TVM), combining ground radar tracking with missile-borne radar updates.
Range (Approximate): Up to 150 km (93 mi) (PAC-2); 40 km (25 mi) for PAC-3 interceptors.
Altitude (Approximate): 20 km+ (12 mi+).
Launcher Capacity: An M901 station can hold 4 PAC-2 missiles OR 16 PAC-3 MSE missiles, increasing the launch power per station dramatically.
Key Capability: Can engage multiple targets simultaneously and is specifically designed to intercept highly maneuverable ballistic missiles.

Radar and Engagement Control

Radar Role: The AN/MPQ-65 radar performs search, identification, track, missile guidance, and counter-countermeasures functions.
Radar Type: Passive electronically scanned array (PESA).
Engagement Control Station (ECS): The command center where the crew monitors the air picture, identifies threats, and commands the firing units.
Mobility: The entire system is mounted on trailers and trucks, allowing it to be relocated quickly, though setup and tear-down times are measured in hours, not minutes.