MIM-104 Patriot

MIM-104 Patriot
País	Eua
Papel	Míssil terra-ar móvel de longo alcance com capacidade de míssil antibalístico
Em serviço	Desde 1981
Construído	1100+ lançadores

O MIM-104 Patriota é um sistema de mísseis terra-ar (SAM), o principal de seu tipo usado pelo Exército dos Estados Unidos e várias nações aliadas. Ele é fabricado pela empresa de defesa dos EUA Raytheon e deriva seu nome do componente de radar do sistema de armas. O AN/MPQ-53 no coração do sistema é conhecido como o "Phased Array Tracking Radar to Intercept on Target", que é um backronym para o PATRIOT. O Sistema Patriota substituiu o sistema Nike Hercules como o principal sistema de Defesa Aérea Alta a Média (HIMAD) do Exército dos EUA, e substituiu o sistema MIM-23 Hawk como o sistema de defesa aérea tática média do Exército dos EUA. Além desses papéis, o Patriot recebeu a função do sistema de mísseis antibalísticos (ABM) do Exército dos EUA, que agora é a principal missão do Patriot. A expectativa é que o sistema permaneça em campo até pelo menos 2040

Fonte: MIM-104 Patriot na Wikipédia

Patriot Missile Battery Walk Around
Photographer	Dieter Krause
Localisation	Unknow
Photos	102

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General Characteristics and Role

The MIM-104 Patriot (Phased Array Tracking Radar to Intercept Of Target) is a highly capable surface-to-air missile (SAM) system used by the United States Army and many allied nations. It was originally designed to engage aircraft but was modernized to counter tactical ballistic missiles (TBMs) and cruise missiles. The Patriot system is not a single vehicle but a highly integrated mobile battery, consisting of several key components linked by fiber optics and radio, including the Engagement Control Station (ECS), a power plant, and, most critically, the MPQ-53/65 Phased-Array Radar and the M901 Launching Station. Patriot batteries are typically deployed to protect high-value military assets, population centers, and critical infrastructure from air attack.

Component	Description / Platform
System Role	Air and Missile Defense (AMD)
National Origin	Estados Unidos
Fabricante	Raytheon
Service Entry	1984
Primary Missile	PAC-2 (Patriot Advanced Capability-2) and PAC-3
Radar Unit	AN/MPQ-53/65 (Phased-Array)
Launcher Platform	M901 Launching Station (Truck-mounted)
Total Missiles (per Battery)	Varies, typically 32 (PAC-2) to 128 (PAC-3)

Missile and Performance (PAC-3 MSE Variant)

Missile Type: The PAC-3 Missile Segment Enhancement (MSE) is the primary interceptor. It uses hit-to-kill technology (kinetic energy) rather than a blast fragmentation warhead.
Guidance: Track-Via-Missile (TVM), combining ground radar tracking with missile-borne radar updates.
Range (Approximate): Up to 150 km (93 mi) (PAC-2); 40 km (25 mi) for PAC-3 interceptors.
Altitude (Approximate): 20 km+ (12 mi+).
Launcher Capacity: An M901 station can hold 4 PAC-2 missiles OR 16 PAC-3 MSE missiles, increasing the launch power per station dramatically.
Key Capability: Can engage multiple targets simultaneously and is specifically designed to intercept highly maneuverable ballistic missiles.

Radar and Engagement Control

Radar Role: The AN/MPQ-65 radar performs search, identification, track, missile guidance, and counter-countermeasures functions.
Radar Type: Passive electronically scanned array (PESA).
Engagement Control Station (ECS): The command center where the crew monitors the air picture, identifies threats, and commands the firing units.
Mobility: The entire system is mounted on trailers and trucks, allowing it to be relocated quickly, though setup and tear-down times are measured in hours, not minutes.