MIM-104 Patriot

MIM-104 Patriot
País	E.e.u.u
Papel	Misil tierra-aire móvil de largo alcance con capacidad de misiles antibalísticos
En servicio	Desde 1981
Construido	Más de 1100 lanzadores

el MIM-104 Patriota es un sistema de misiles tierra-aire (SAM), el principal de su tipo utilizado por el Ejército de los Estados Unidos y varias naciones aliadas. Es fabricado por el contratista de defensa estadounidense Raytheon y deriva su nombre del componente de radar del sistema de armas. El AN / MPQ-53 en el corazón del sistema se conoce como el "Phased Array Tracking Radar to Intercept on Target", que es un backronym para PATRIOT. El Sistema Patriot reemplazó al sistema Nike Hercules como el principal sistema de Defensa Aérea Alta a Media (HIMAD) del Ejército de los Estados Unidos, y reemplazó al sistema MIM-23 Hawk como el sistema de defensa aérea táctica media del Ejército de los Estados Unidos. Además de estos roles, Patriot ha recibido la función del sistema de misiles antibalísticos (ABM) del Ejército de los Estados Unidos, que ahora es la misión principal de Patriot. Se espera que el sistema permanezca desplegado hasta al menos 2040.

Fuente: MIM-104 Patriot en Wikipedia

Patriot Missile Battery Walk Around
Photographer	Dieter Krause
Localisation	Unknow
Photos	102

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General Characteristics and Role

The MIM-104 Patriot (Phased Array Tracking Radar to Intercept Of Target) is a highly capable surface-to-air missile (SAM) system used by the United States Army and many allied nations. It was originally designed to engage aircraft but was modernized to counter tactical ballistic missiles (TBMs) and cruise missiles. The Patriot system is not a single vehicle but a highly integrated mobile battery, consisting of several key components linked by fiber optics and radio, including the Engagement Control Station (ECS), a power plant, and, most critically, the MPQ-53/65 Phased-Array Radar and the M901 Launching Station. Patriot batteries are typically deployed to protect high-value military assets, population centers, and critical infrastructure from air attack.

Component	Description / Platform
System Role	Air and Missile Defense (AMD)
National Origin	Estados Unidos
Fabricante	Raytheon
Service Entry	1984
Primary Missile	PAC-2 (Patriot Advanced Capability-2) and PAC-3
Radar Unit	AN/MPQ-53/65 (Phased-Array)
Launcher Platform	M901 Launching Station (Truck-mounted)
Total Missiles (per Battery)	Varies, typically 32 (PAC-2) to 128 (PAC-3)

Missile and Performance (PAC-3 MSE Variant)

Missile Type: The PAC-3 Missile Segment Enhancement (MSE) is the primary interceptor. It uses hit-to-kill technology (kinetic energy) rather than a blast fragmentation warhead.
Guidance: Track-Via-Missile (TVM), combining ground radar tracking with missile-borne radar updates.
Range (Approximate): Up to 150 km (93 mi) (PAC-2); 40 km (25 mi) for PAC-3 interceptors.
Altitude (Approximate): 20 km+ (12 mi+).
Launcher Capacity: An M901 station can hold 4 PAC-2 missiles OR 16 PAC-3 MSE missiles, increasing the launch power per station dramatically.
Key Capability: Can engage multiple targets simultaneously and is specifically designed to intercept highly maneuverable ballistic missiles.

Radar and Engagement Control

Radar Role: The AN/MPQ-65 radar performs search, identification, track, missile guidance, and counter-countermeasures functions.
Radar Type: Passive electronically scanned array (PESA).
Engagement Control Station (ECS): The command center where the crew monitors the air picture, identifies threats, and commands the firing units.
Mobility: The entire system is mounted on trailers and trucks, allowing it to be relocated quickly, though setup and tear-down times are measured in hours, not minutes.

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