Boeing 307 Stratoliner

Boeing 307 Stratoliner
País	Eua
Papel	Avião de passageiros
Primeiro voo	31 de dezembro de 1938
Construído	10

O Boeing Modelo 307 Stratoliner foi a primeira aeronave de transporte comercial a entrar em serviço com uma cabine pressurizada. Esse recurso permitiu que a aeronave cruzasse a uma altitude de 20.000 pés (6.000 m), bem acima de muitos distúrbios climáticos. O diferencial de pressão era de 2,5 psi (17 kPa), portanto, a 14.700 pés (4.480 m), a pressão do ar da cabine era equivalente a uma altitude de 8.000 pés (2.440 m). O Modelo 307 tinha capacidade para uma tripulação de seis e 33 passageiros. Além de seu serviço civil, também voou como Boeing C-75 Stratoliner pelas Forças Aéreas do Exército dos Estados Unidos, que o usaram como uma aeronave de transporte de carga de longo alcance.

Fonte: Boeing 307 Stratoliner na Wikipédia

Boeing Modelo 307 Stratoliner Walk Around
Fotógrafo	Vladimir Yakubov
Localização	Museu Nacional do Ar & Espaço
Fotos	107

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Boeing Model 307 Stratoliner Walk Around
Fotógrafo	Michael Benolkin
Localização	Desconhecido
Fotos	27

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A Revolution in Civil Aviation

O Boeing Modelo 307 Stratoliner was a milestone in aviation history. Introduced in 1938, it was the first commercial transport aircraft to feature a pressurized cabin. This allowed the Stratoliner to fly at 20,000 feet, far above the turbulent weather that plagued earlier airliners like the DC-3. By utilizing the wings, tail, and engines of the B-17 Flying Fortress, Boeing created a robust, high-altitude cruiser that changed the definition of luxury and speed in the “Golden Age” of flight.

Attribute	Technical Specification (Boeing 307)
Papel	Long-Range Commercial Airliner / Military Transport
tripulação	5 (Pilot, Co-pilot, Flight Engineer, 2 Flight Attendants)
First Flight	31 de dezembro de 1938
Usina	4 × Wright GR-1820-G102 Cyclone radials
Horsepower	1,100 hp (820 kW) per engine
Maximum Speed	241 mph (388 km/h)
Cruising Altitude	20,000 feet (6,100 m)
Passenger Capacity	33 (Day) / 25 (Night Sleeper)

Engineering the High-Altitude Cabin

Circular Fuselage: Unlike the flat-sided aircraft of the era, the 307 featured a perfectly circular cross-section. This shape was necessary to evenly distribute the internal pressure stresses required to maintain a breathable atmosphere at high altitudes.
Pressurization System: The Stratoliner used engine-driven superchargers to pump air into the cabin. This allowed passengers to enjoy an “8,000-foot” environment while the aircraft cruised at 20,000 feet, effectively avoiding the “bumps” of low-level air.
B-17 DNA: To save on development costs and improve reliability, Boeing used the flight surfaces of the B-17C Flying Fortress. The wings, landing gear, and horizontal stabilizers were nearly identical to the bomber, giving the 307 legendary structural strength.
Sleeper Comfort: The wide fuselage allowed for reclining seats and berths, making it one of the first true “sleeper” transports for transcontinental travel.

The “C-75” and Notable History

Military Service (C-75): During WWII, the five Stratoliners operated by TWA were pressed into service for the Army Air Transport Command. Designated as C-75s, they were used for high-priority transatlantic flights because their pressurization allowed them to fly above most interception threats.
Howard Hughes and the “Flying Penthouse”: The famous billionaire bought a Stratoliner and converted it into a lavish private office and home. After being damaged in a hurricane, the fuselage was eventually converted into a “Cosmic Muffin” house boat.
Rare Survival: Only 10 Stratoliners were ever built. The only surviving example, the “Flying Cloud” (formerly of Pan Am), was meticulously restored by Boeing volunteers and is now at the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center.