Lockheed P-2 Neptune

Lockheed P-2 Neptune
Šalies	Jav
Vaidmenį	Jūrų patruliavimas ir karas prieš povandeninį laivą
Pirmasis skrydis	1945 m. gegužės 17 d.
Pensininkas	1984 Iš karinio naudojimo

"Lockheed P-2 Neptune" (Jungtinių Valstijų karinio jūrų laivyno iki 1962 m. rugsėjo mėnesio pavadintas P2V) buvo jūrų patrulių ir kovos su povandeniniais laivais (ASW) lėktuvas. Jį JAV kariniam jūrų laivynui sukūrė "Lockheed", kad pakeistų "Lockheed PV-1 Ventura" ir "PV-2 Harpoon", o savo ruožtu jį pakeitė "Lockheed P-3 Orion". Sukurtas kaip sausumos orlaivis, "Neptūnas" niekada nenusileido vežėjui, nors nedidelis skaičius orlaivių buvo pertvarkyti ir dislokuoti kaip vežėjo paleisti, tarpiniai branduoliniai bombonešiai, kurie turėtų griauti arba atsigauti sausumos bazėse. Tipas buvo sėkmingas eksportui ir matė tarnybą su keliomis ginkluotosiomis pajėgomis.

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Lockheed P2V-5F Neptune
Fotografas	Vladimiras Yakubovas
Lokalizavimo	Quonset oro muziejus
Nuotraukos	170

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Lockheed P2V-5F Neptune 9

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Lockheed Neptune Walk Around
Fotografas	Nežinoti
Lokalizavimo	Nežinoti
Nuotraukos	68

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General Characteristics and Role

The Lockheed P2V Neptune was a cornerstone of Cold War maritime security, serving as the primary land-based anti-submarine warfare (ASW) and maritime patrol aircraft for the U.S. Navy before the arrival of the P-3 Orion. The P2V-5F variant represents a critical evolutionary step in the series, featuring a mixed-powerplant configuration to handle the increasing weight of advanced electronics and weapon systems. Designed for grueling, long-endurance missions, the Neptune was often referred to as the hunter in hunter-killer naval groups. Its ability to loiter for hours over vast oceans while monitoring for submerged threats made it an indispensable tool for global maritime reconnaissance.

Property	Typical Value (P2V-5F Neptune)
Tipas	Maritime Patrol / Anti-Submarine Warfare
National Origin	Jungtinės Amerikos Valstijos
Gamintojas	Lockheed Aircraft Corporation
Entered Service	1950 (P2V-5), 1953 (5F Modification)
Įgulos	7 to 9 (including pilots, navigators, and sensor operators)
Ilgis	27.8 m (91 ft 2 in)
Sparnų ilgis	31.7 m (104 ft 0 in)
Max Takeoff Weight	Approx. 36,240 kg (79,895 lb)

Powerplant and Mixed-Propulsion Performance

Primary Engines: 2 x Wright R-3350-32W Duplex-Cyclone 18-cylinder radial piston engines, providing 3,250 hp to 3,700 hp each.
Auxiliary Engines: 2 x Westinghouse J34-WE-34 turbojet engines mounted in underwing pods, providing 3,250 lbf (14.5 kN) thrust each.
Fuel Synergy: To simplify logistics, the jet engines were modified to burn the same 115/145 Avgas as the piston engines, eliminating the need for a separate jet fuel system.
Maximum Speed: Approx. 584 km/h (363 mph) with jets engaged.
Search Endurance: Over 10 hours at economical cruise speeds using only the piston engines.
Sensor Suite: Equipped with the AN/APS-20 surface-search radar in a belly radome and an AN/ASQ-8 Magnetic Anomaly Detector (MAD) in the distinctive stinger tail extension.
Armament: Internal bomb bay for up to 8,000 lb of torpedoes, depth charges, or mines, plus underwing racks for 5-inch HVAR rockets.

Service History and Legacy

Global Reach: Beyond the U.S. Navy, the P2V-5 was exported to numerous allies including Australia, Canada, the Netherlands, and Japan (where it was later license-built by Kawasaki).
The Truculent Turtle: Early in the Neptune’s life, a modified P2V-1 set a world record by flying non-stop from Australia to Ohio—a distance of 11,235 miles—without refueling.
Vietnam Combat: During the Vietnam War, Neptunes were utilized as gunships (AP-2E) and sensor-deployment platforms (OP-2E) for monitoring the Ho Chi Minh Trail.
Cold War Sentinel: P2V crews were often the first to intercept and photograph Soviet warships and submarines during the height of the Cold War.
Civilian Firefighter: After retirement from military service, many Neptunes were converted into highly effective air tankers for aerial firefighting, serving for decades dropping fire retardant across North America.