Lockheed Neptun

Lockheed P-2 Neptune

Državi Zda
Vlogo Pomorska patrulja in protipodmorniško vojskovanje
Prvi let 17. maj 1945
Upokojen 1984 Iz vojaške uporabe

Lockheed P-2 Neptune (pred septembrom 1962 s strani ameriške mornarice P2V) je bilo pomorsko patruljno in protipodmorniško letalo (ASW). Za ameriško mornarico ga je razvil Lockheed, da bi nadomestil Lockheed PV-1 Ventura in PV-2 Harpoon, zamenjal pa ga je Lockheed P-3 Orion. Neptun, ki je bil zasnovan kot kopensko letalo, ni nikoli pristal na letalonosilki, čeprav je bilo majhno število letal predelanih in razporejenih kot jedrski bombniki, ki bi se morali izkopati ali obnoviti v kopenskih bazah. Tip je bil uspešen v izvozu in je služil z več oboroženimi silami.

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Lockheed P2V-5F Neptune
FotografVladimir Jakubov
LokalizacijoMuzej letalstva Quonset
Fotografije170
Lockheed Neptune Walk Around
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Fotografije68

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General Characteristics and Role

The Lockheed P2V Neptune was a cornerstone of Cold War maritime security, serving as the primary land-based anti-submarine warfare (ASW) and maritime patrol aircraft for the U.S. Navy before the arrival of the P-3 Orion. The P2V-5F variant represents a critical evolutionary step in the series, featuring a mixed-powerplant configuration to handle the increasing weight of advanced electronics and weapon systems. Designed for grueling, long-endurance missions, the Neptune was often referred to as the hunter in hunter-killer naval groups. Its ability to loiter for hours over vast oceans while monitoring for submerged threats made it an indispensable tool for global maritime reconnaissance.

Property Typical Value (P2V-5F Neptune)
Vrsta Maritime Patrol / Anti-Submarine Warfare
National Origin Združene države Amerike
proizvajalec Lockheed Aircraft Corporation
Entered Service 1950 (P2V-5), 1953 (5F Modification)
Posadke 7 to 9 (including pilots, navigators, and sensor operators)
Dolžina 27.8 m (91 ft 2 in)
Peruti 31.7 m (104 ft 0 in)
Max Takeoff Weight Approx. 36,240 kg (79,895 lb)

Powerplant and Mixed-Propulsion Performance

  • Primary Engines: 2 x Wright R-3350-32W Duplex-Cyclone 18-cylinder radial piston engines, providing 3,250 hp to 3,700 hp each.
  • Auxiliary Engines: 2 x Westinghouse J34-WE-34 turbojet engines mounted in underwing pods, providing 3,250 lbf (14.5 kN) thrust each.
  • Fuel Synergy: To simplify logistics, the jet engines were modified to burn the same 115/145 Avgas as the piston engines, eliminating the need for a separate jet fuel system.
  • Maximum Speed: Approx. 584 km/h (363 mph) with jets engaged.
  • Search Endurance: Over 10 hours at economical cruise speeds using only the piston engines.
  • Sensor Suite: Equipped with the AN/APS-20 surface-search radar in a belly radome and an AN/ASQ-8 Magnetic Anomaly Detector (MAD) in the distinctive stinger tail extension.
  • Armament: Internal bomb bay for up to 8,000 lb of torpedoes, depth charges, or mines, plus underwing racks for 5-inch HVAR rockets.

Service History and Legacy

  • Global Reach: Beyond the U.S. Navy, the P2V-5 was exported to numerous allies including Australia, Canada, the Netherlands, and Japan (where it was later license-built by Kawasaki).
  • The Truculent Turtle: Early in the Neptune’s life, a modified P2V-1 set a world record by flying non-stop from Australia to Ohio—a distance of 11,235 miles—without refueling.
  • Vietnam Combat: During the Vietnam War, Neptunes were utilized as gunships (AP-2E) and sensor-deployment platforms (OP-2E) for monitoring the Ho Chi Minh Trail.
  • Cold War Sentinel: P2V crews were often the first to intercept and photograph Soviet warships and submarines during the height of the Cold War.
  • Civilian Firefighter: After retirement from military service, many Neptunes were converted into highly effective air tankers for aerial firefighting, serving for decades dropping fire retardant across North America.

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