Lockheed L-049 Constellation

Lockheed L-049 Constellation
Pays	Usa
Rôle	Transport – Avion de ligne
Premier vol	9 janvier 1943
Construit	88

Lla Lockheed L-049 Constellation était le premier modèle de la gamme d’avions Lockheed Constellation. Il est entré en service en tant qu’avion de transport militaire C-69 pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale pour les forces aériennes de l’armée des États-Unis et a été la première version civile après la guerre. Lorsque la production a pris fin en 1946, il a été remplacé par les L-649 et L-749 Constellation améliorés.

Source: Lockheed L-049 Constellation sur Wikipedia

Lockheed L-049 Constellation Se promener
Photographe	John Heck
Localisation	Musée de l’air et de l’espace Pima, Tucson
Photos	138

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General Characteristics and Role

The Lockheed L-049 Constellation, often simply called the « Connie, » was the first production model of the famous Constellation family of aircraft. It was a four-engine, pressurized, long-range transport aircraft designed by Lockheed for Trans World Airlines (TWA) in the early 1940s. Its distinctive features—the triple-fin tail and the elegant, dolphin-shaped fuselage—made it an icon of the piston-engine airliner era. Although initially intended for civilian use, all L-049s were pressed into military service during World War II as the C-69 Constellation. Following the war, the C-69s were converted back for commercial service as the L-049, inaugurating the golden age of pressurized, non-stop transatlantic travel.

Property	Typical Value (L-049)
Type	Long-Range Pressurized Airliner
National Origin	États-Unis
Fabricant	Lockheed Corporation
First Flight (C-69)	9 January 1943
Crew	5 (Pilot, Co-pilot, Flight Engineer, Navigator, Radio Operator)
Capacity (Passenger)	44 to 81 passengers (varies by configuration)
Length	29.03 m (95 ft 3 in)
Envergure	38.47 m (126 ft 2 in)
Maximum Takeoff Weight	40,500 kg (89,300 lb)

Powerplant and Performance

Engine: 4 x Wright R-3350-B7 Duplex-Cyclone 18-cylinder air-cooled radial engines.
Power Output (Each): 2,200 hp (1,640 kW).
Maximum Speed: 547 km/h (340 mph).
Cruising Speed: 483 km/h (300 mph).
Range: Approximately 6,400 km (4,000 mi).
Design Note: The R-3350 engines were initially plagued by reliability issues that required substantial engineering efforts to fix before the Constellation could reach its full commercial potential.

Service and Legacy

Initial Service: The L-049 was the first Constellation to enter commercial service, beginning with Pan American World Airways and TWA in 1946.
Pressurization: It was one of the first successful airliners with a pressurized cabin, allowing it to fly higher than weather disturbances, providing a smoother ride and reducing travel time.
Evolution: The L-049 set the stage for later, more advanced variants like the L-649, L-749, and the final, stretched L-1049 Super Constellation.
Transatlantic Pioneer: Along with the Douglas DC-4, the L-049 Constellation played a key role in making commercial long-haul and transatlantic air travel routine and comfortable in the immediate post-war period.