Su-101 Uralmash

Su-101 Uralmash
Riik	Nõukogude Liit
Rolli	Iseliikuv relv (prototüüp)
Kavandatud	1944-1945

2007 Uralmash-1 (Уралмаш-1) oli Teise maailmasõja ajal välja töötatud Nõukogude iseliikuva relva prototüüp. See oli tornita roomiksoomusmasin, mille projekteeris Jekaterinburgis asuv Uralmashi disainibüroo (UZTM) 1944. aasta sügisest 1945. aasta kevadeni. See kasutas keskmise tanki T-44 šassiid ja oli mõeldud asendama SU-100, mis ise oli Punaarmee teenistusse asunud alles 1944. aasta lõpus. 1945. aasta alguses ehitati kaks erineva relvastusega Uralmash-1 prototüüpi, üks 100 mm D-10 tankikahuriga, teine 122 mm D-25S tankikahuriga. Kuigi algselt soovitati masstootmist, põhjustas sõja lõpp Saksamaaga 1945. aasta mais lõpuks projekti vajaduse puudumise tõttu tühistamise. Kui Uralmaš-1 oleks kasutusele võetud, oleks 100 mm variant saanud tähise SU-101 (СУ-101), samas kui 122 mm variant oleks saanud tähise SU-102 (СУ-102), vastavalt Nõukogude sõjaväe nomenklatuurile, kus "SU"-silt tähistas Samokhodnaya Ustanovkat ehk iseliikuvat relva.

Allikas: Su-101 Uralmash vikis

Su-101 “Uralmash” Walk Around
Fotograafid	Vladimir Kubinka armor muuseum
Lokaliseerimine	Teadmata
Fotod	29

Su-101 Uralmash 01

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Su-101 Uralmash 06

Su-101 Uralmash 07

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Su-101 Uralmash 09

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SU-101 Uralmashi tankihävitaja jalutab ringi
Fotograafid	Teadmata
Lokaliseerimine
Fotod	32

SU-101 Uralmashi tankihävitaja jalutab ringi

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The “Last Word” in Tank Hunting

2007 Su-101 (also known as the Uralmash-1) was an experimental Soviet self-propelled gun developed at the very end of WWII. Based on the chassis of the T-44 tank, it was designed to replace the Su-100. Its most radical feature was the rear-mounted casemate, a complete reversal of Soviet design tradition. This layout was intended to solve the “long-nose” problem of previous tank destroyers, where the gun barrel often stuck out so far it would dig into the ground or hit obstacles during maneuvers.

Attribute	Technical Specification (Su-101)
Rolli	Self-Propelled Gun / Tank Destroyer
Meeskonna	4 (Commander, Gunner, Loader, Driver)
First Prototype	April 1945
Main Armament	100 mm D-10S gun
Secondary Armament	12.7 mm DShK anti-aircraft machine gun
Frontal Armor	120 mm (sloped at 55 degrees)
Jõuallikas	V-44 diesel (500 hp)
Top Speed	54 km/h (33.5 mph)

A Masterclass in Ballistic Protection

Rear-Mounted Casemate: By moving the fighting compartment to the rear, the designers were able to shorten the overall length of the vehicle significantly. This improved the weight distribution and allowed the heavy 100mm (or 122mm on the Su-102) gun to be mounted with minimal overhang.
Extreme Sloped Armor: The Su-101 featured armor plates sloped at aggressive angles. Its 120mm frontal plate was effectively much thicker against incoming kinetic energy shells, making it nearly invulnerable to the German 88mm PaK 43 from the front.
Engine-Forward Protection: Like the modern Israeli Merkava, the engine was placed at the front. This provided an additional layer of mechanical “armor” for the crew sitting in the rear compartment.
Low Silhouette: Despite the powerful gun, the vehicle stood only 2.1 meters high, making it an exceptionally difficult target to spot and hit in an ambush.

The “Oven” Problem

The Heat Issue: The most significant flaw of the Su-101 was the heat. Because the engine was directly in front of the crew with poor ventilation, the interior temperatures became unbearable during summer testing, sometimes reaching 50°C (122°F).
Cramped Fighting Compartment: The rear-mounted design and low profile left very little room for the crew. Working the large 100mm shells in such a tight space was exhausting and dangerous during rapid fire.
The Su-102 Variant: A second prototype, the Su-102, was built using a massive 122mm D-25S gun. The recoil of this gun proved to be so violent for the light T-44 chassis that it caused structural concerns.
Post-War Fate: By the time the issues were being ironed out, the war was over and the T-54 tank was entering production. The T-54’s rotating turret offered similar firepower with much more versatility, rendering the fixed-casemate Su-101 obsolete. The only surviving prototype is now a star attraction at the **Kubinka Tank Museum**.