Militærfly | |
|---|---|
| Land | Italia |
| Type | Bombefly |
| Model | SM-79 |
| Emne | Album af 53 fotos af et fly Savoia Marchetti SM-79 |
Savoia-Marchetti SM.79 Sparviero (italiensk for "Sparrowhawk") var et tremotoret italiensk medium bombefly med en træ- og metalstruktur. I årene 1937-39 blev det oprindeligt designet som et hurtigt passagerfly, dette lavvingede monoplan, satte 26 verdensrekorder, der kvalificerede det i nogen tid som det hurtigste mellemstore bombefly i verden.
Det så først handling under den spanske borgerkrig og fløj på alle fronter, hvor Italien var involveret under Anden Verdenskrig. Det blev berømt og opnåede mange succeser som torpedobomber i Middelhavsområdet. SM.79 var et fremragende fly og var bestemt det mest kendte italienske fly fra Anden Verdenskrig. Det var let genkendeligt på grund af sin karakteristiske skrog dorsale "pukkel", og var vellidt af sine besætninger, der kaldte det Gobbo Maledetto ("forbandet hunchback"). Det var det mest producerede italienske bombefly under Anden Verdenskrig, med omkring 1.300 bygget, der forblev i italiensk tjeneste indtil 1952.Kilde: SM-79 på Wikipedia
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The Savoia-Marchetti SM.79 Sparviero was a famous Italian three-engined medium bomber and torpedo bomber that became arguably the best-known Italian aircraft of World War II. Initially designed as a fast, eight-passenger transport in the early 1930s, its excellent performance led to its adoption by the *Regia Aeronautica* (Italian Royal Air Force) for military service.
Design and Nickname
The SM.79 was a cantilever low-wing monoplane. Its construction was a combination of wood and metal, with a fuselage featuring a distinctive dorsal “hump” housing the fixed forward-firing machine gun and the dorsal gunner’s position. This unique silhouette earned it the crew nickname *il gobbo maledetto* (“damned hunchback”).
- Configuration: Trimotor (three engines), with one engine in the nose and one on each wing.
- Byggeri: Welded tubular steel fuselage frame, covered with a mix of duralumin, plywood, and fabric. All-wood wings.
- Mandskab: Typically 5 or 6 (pilot, co-pilot, flight engineer/gunner, radio operator, bombardier, rear gunner).
- Powerplant: Various radial engines, commonly three Alfa Romeo 126 RC.34 engines, each producing around 780 hp.
- Performance: Early versions set 26 world records between 1937 and 1939, giving it a reputation as one of the fastest medium bombers in the world at the time. Max speed was around 430 km/h.
Wartime Role
The SM.79 first saw combat during the Spanish Civil War and became the backbone of Italy’s bomber force at the start of World War II. It was the most numerous Italian bomber produced during the conflict, with over 1,300 units built.
- Medium Bomber: Used for conventional bombing on multiple fronts, including the Mediterranean, North Africa, and the Eastern Front. It carried an internal bomb load of up to 1,250 kg.
- Torpedo Bomber: In its most successful role, the SM.79-II variant was adapted to carry one or two external torpedoes (450 mm naval torpedoes) and achieved notable success attacking Allied shipping in the Mediterranean. These crews were highly celebrated in Italy.
- Bevæbning: Defensive weaponry typically included three to four machine guns: a fixed forward-firing 12.7 mm machine gun in the dorsal hump, one flexible 12.7 mm gun in the dorsal position, and a flexible 12.7 mm gun in the ventral “gondola” (a retractable belly position).
The type remained in Italian service until 1952.
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