MIM-104 Patriot

MIM-104 Patriot
Země	SPOJENÉ STÁTY
Roli	Mobilní raketa země-vzduch dlouhého doletu s možností protibalistických raket
V provozu	Od roku 1981
Postaven	1100+ odpalovacích zařízení

Tá MIM-104 Patriot je raketový systém země-vzduch (SAM), primární svého druhu používaný armádou Spojených států a několika spojeneckými zeměmi. Je vyráběn americkým dodavatelem obrany Raytheon a odvozuje své jméno od radarové komponenty zbraňového systému. AN/MPQ-53 v srdci systému je známý jako "Phased Array Tracking Radar to Intercept on Target", což je zkratka pro PATRIOT. Systém Patriot nahradil systém Nike Hercules jako primární systém HIMAD (High to Medium Air Defense) americké armády a nahradil systém MIM-23 Hawk jako systém střední taktické protivzdušné obrany americké armády. Kromě těchto rolí byla společnosti Patriot svěřena funkce systému protibalistických raket (ABM) americké armády, který je nyní primárním posláním Patriotu. Očekává se, že systém zůstane v provozu nejméně do roku 2040

Zdroj: MIM-104 Patriot na Wikipedii

Patriot Missile Battery Walk Around
Photographer	Dieter Krause
Localisation	Unknow
Photos	102

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General Characteristics and Role

The MIM-104 Patriot (Phased Array Tracking Radar to Intercept Of Target) is a highly capable surface-to-air missile (SAM) system used by the United States Army and many allied nations. It was originally designed to engage aircraft but was modernized to counter tactical ballistic missiles (TBMs) and cruise missiles. The Patriot system is not a single vehicle but a highly integrated mobile battery, consisting of several key components linked by fiber optics and radio, including the Engagement Control Station (ECS), a power plant, and, most critically, the MPQ-53/65 Phased-Array Radar and the M901 Launching Station. Patriot batteries are typically deployed to protect high-value military assets, population centers, and critical infrastructure from air attack.

Component	Description / Platform
System Role	Air and Missile Defense (AMD)
National Origin	Spojené státy americké
Výrobce	Raytheon
Service Entry	1984
Primary Missile	PAC-2 (Patriot Advanced Capability-2) and PAC-3
Radar Unit	AN/MPQ-53/65 (Phased-Array)
Launcher Platform	M901 Launching Station (Truck-mounted)
Total Missiles (per Battery)	Varies, typically 32 (PAC-2) to 128 (PAC-3)

Missile and Performance (PAC-3 MSE Variant)

Missile Type: The PAC-3 Missile Segment Enhancement (MSE) is the primary interceptor. It uses hit-to-kill technology (kinetic energy) rather than a blast fragmentation warhead.
Guidance: Track-Via-Missile (TVM), combining ground radar tracking with missile-borne radar updates.
Range (Approximate): Up to 150 km (93 mi) (PAC-2); 40 km (25 mi) for PAC-3 interceptors.
Altitude (Approximate): 20 km+ (12 mi+).
Launcher Capacity: An M901 station can hold 4 PAC-2 missiles OR 16 PAC-3 MSE missiles, increasing the launch power per station dramatically.
Key Capability: Can engage multiple targets simultaneously and is specifically designed to intercept highly maneuverable ballistic missiles.

Radar and Engagement Control

Radar Role: The AN/MPQ-65 radar performs search, identification, track, missile guidance, and counter-countermeasures functions.
Radar Type: Passive electronically scanned array (PESA).
Engagement Control Station (ECS): The command center where the crew monitors the air picture, identifies threats, and commands the firing units.
Mobility: The entire system is mounted on trailers and trucks, allowing it to be relocated quickly, though setup and tear-down times are measured in hours, not minutes.

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