Martin B-57 Canberra

Martin B-57 Canberra
Ország	Usa
Szerepet	Taktikai bombázó
Első repülés	1953. július 20.
Beépített	403

A Martin B-57 Canberra egy amerikai építésű, twinjet taktikai bombázó és felderítő repülőgép, amely 1953-ban állt szolgálatba az Egyesült Államok Légierejével (USAF). A B-57 a brit Angol Electric Canberra licencből készült változata, amelyet a Glenn L. Martin Company gyártott. A martin-build modellek nagyon hasonlóak voltak a brit építésű társaikhoz; Martin később módosította a tervet, hogy nagyobb mennyiségű amerikai forrásból származó alkatrészt tartalmazzon, és a repülőgépet több különböző változatban gyártotta.

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Martin EB-57B Canberra Walk Around
Fotós	Vlagyimir Jakubov
Lokalizáció	Márciusi Field Air Múzeum
Fénykép	81

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Martin EB-57B Canberra 09

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Martin EB-57E Canberra Walk Around
Fotós	Kanos Ray
Lokalizáció	Wings over The Rockies Légi és Űrmúzeum
Fénykép	21

Martin EB-57E Canberra 01

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Martin EB-57E Canberra 09

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Martin EB-57E-MA Night Intruder
Fotós	Vlagyimir Jakubov
Lokalizáció	Vár AFB Múzeum
Fénykép	209

Martin EB-57E-MA éjszakai betolakodó

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Martin RB-57 Canberra Walk Around
Fotós	Bill Maloney
Lokalizáció	Ismeretlen
Fénykép	21

Martin RB-57 Canberra 01

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B-57A Canberra Walk Around
Fotósok	Michael Benolkin, Ron Dobrzelecki, Martin Sagara
Lokalizáció	Ismeretlen
Fénykép	32

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WB-57F Canberra Walk Around
Fotós	Fotios Rouch
Lokalizáció	Ismeretlen
Fénykép	42

B-57A Canberra 01

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B-57A Canberra 09

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Lásd még:

A British thoroughbred with American muscles

A Martin B-57 Canberra was a rare example of a British aircraft design (the English Electric Canberra) being licensed and mass-produced in the United States. While it excelled as a tactical bomber and “night intruder,” the EB-57B was a specialized electronic warfare (EW) conversion. These aircraft were packed with jammers and sensors, used primarily to train air defense crews by simulating enemy electronic attacks—blinding radars and disrupting communications to keep the “defenders” sharp.

Attribute	Technical Specification (EB-57B)
Szerepet	Electronic Warfare / Aggressor Trainer
Legénység	2 (Pilot and Electronic Warfare Officer / EWO)
First Flight (B-57A)	July 20, 1953
Hajtómű	2 × Wright J65-W-5 turbojets
Thrust	7,220 lbf (32.1 kN) per engine
Maximum Speed	580 mph (930 km/h)
Tartomány	2,700 miles (4,345 km)
Special Equipment	Internal jammers, chaff dispensers, and wing-mounted ECM pods

Design Features: The Art of Jamming

The “Tandem” Cockpit: Unlike the original British version where the navigator sat in a dark hole in the fuselage, Martin redesigned the B-57B with a fighter-style tandem cockpit under a long, continuous canopy. This gave the Electronic Warfare Officer (EWO) better situational awareness.
Rotary Bomb Bay: The B-57 featured a unique rotary bomb bay door. On the EB-57B, instead of bombs, this bay often housed massive internal electronic jamming suites and cooling systems for the high-powered vacuum tubes of the era.
Wing-Mounted ECM Pods: To expand its frequency coverage, the EB-57B frequently carried specialized Electronic Countermeasures (ECM) pods on its underwing pylons, allowing it to simulate a wide variety of Soviet radar-interference signatures.
Wright J65 Engines: The US versions swapped the British Rolls-Royce Avons for the Wright J65 (a licensed Armstrong Siddeley Sapphire). These provided excellent low-altitude performance, essential for the B-57’s original mission as a “night intruder.”

Cold War Service & The “Aggressors”

Electronic Aggressor Squadrons: The EB-57B was the backbone of the 17th and 19th Defense Systems Evaluation Squadrons. They flew against US and NATO radar sites to find “holes” in the defense network and train operators to “burn through” enemy jamming.
Vietnam Service: While the EB-57B was a trainer, its bomber brother, the B-57B, was a legend in Vietnam, notably during the “Patricia Lynn” reconnaissance missions and as the first US jet bomber to be deployed to the conflict.
Longevity: The Canberra airframe was so robust that some highly modified versions (WB-57F) are still flying today for NASA, used for high-altitude atmospheric research and satellite sensor testing.
The “Whistling Wheelbarrow”: Ground crews gave the Canberra this nickname due to the high-pitched whine of its engines at idle and its tricycle landing gear configuration.