Martin B-57 Canberra

Martin B-57 Canberra
Kraju	Stany Zjednoczone Ameryki
Roli	Bombowiec taktyczny
Pierwszy lot	20 lipca 1953
Zbudowany	403

Tthe Martin B-57 Canberra – amerykański samolot taktyczno-bombowy i rozpoznawczy, który wszedł do służby w Siłach Powietrznych Stanów Zjednoczonych (USAF) w 1953 roku. B-57 to licencyjna wersja British English Electric Canberra, produkowana przez Glenn L. Martin Company. Początkowe modele zbudowane przez Martina były bardzo podobne do ich brytyjskich odpowiedników; Martin później zmodyfikował projekt, aby uwzględnić większe ilości komponentów pochodzących z USA i wyprodukował samolot w kilku różnych wariantach.

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Martin EB-57B Canberra Walk Around
Fotograf	Władimir Yakubov
Lokalizacja	Muzeum Powietrza Polnej w marcu
Zdjęcia	81

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Martin EB-57E Canberra Walk Around
Fotograf	Randy Ray
Lokalizacja	Muzeum Lotnictwa i Przestrzeni Kosmicznej Wings Over The Rockies
Zdjęcia	21

Martin EB-57E Canberra 01

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Martin EB-57E Canberra 09

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Martin EB-57E-MA Night Intruder
Fotograf	Władimir Yakubov
Lokalizacja	Muzeum Zamkowe AFB
Zdjęcia	209

Martin EB-57E-MA Intruz nocny

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Martin RB-57 Canberra Walk Around
Fotograf	Bill Maloney
Lokalizacja	Niewiedzy
Zdjęcia	21

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B-57A Canberra Walk Around
Fotografów	Michael Benolkin, Ron Dobrzelecki, Martin Sagara
Lokalizacja	Niewiedzy
Zdjęcia	32

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WB-57F Canberra Walk Around
Fotograf	Fotios Rouch
Lokalizacja	Niewiedzy
Zdjęcia	42

B-57A Canberra 01

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B-57A Canberra 09

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Zobacz też:

A British thoroughbred with American muscles

Tthe Martin B-57 Canberra was a rare example of a British aircraft design (the English Electric Canberra) being licensed and mass-produced in the United States. While it excelled as a tactical bomber and “night intruder,” the EB-57B was a specialized electronic warfare (EW) conversion. These aircraft were packed with jammers and sensors, used primarily to train air defense crews by simulating enemy electronic attacks—blinding radars and disrupting communications to keep the “defenders” sharp.

Attribute	Technical Specification (EB-57B)
Roli	Electronic Warfare / Aggressor Trainer
Załogi	2 (Pilot and Electronic Warfare Officer / EWO)
First Flight (B-57A)	July 20, 1953
Zespół napędowy	2 × Wright J65-W-5 turbojets
Thrust	7,220 lbf (32.1 kN) per engine
Prędkość maksymalna	580 mph (930 km/h)
Zakres	2,700 miles (4,345 km)
Special Equipment	Internal jammers, chaff dispensers, and wing-mounted ECM pods

Design Features: The Art of Jamming

The “Tandem” Cockpit: Unlike the original British version where the navigator sat in a dark hole in the fuselage, Martin redesigned the B-57B with a fighter-style tandem cockpit under a long, continuous canopy. This gave the Electronic Warfare Officer (EWO) better situational awareness.
Rotary Bomb Bay: The B-57 featured a unique rotary bomb bay door. On the EB-57B, instead of bombs, this bay often housed massive internal electronic jamming suites and cooling systems for the high-powered vacuum tubes of the era.
Wing-Mounted ECM Pods: To expand its frequency coverage, the EB-57B frequently carried specialized Electronic Countermeasures (ECM) pods on its underwing pylons, allowing it to simulate a wide variety of Soviet radar-interference signatures.
Wright J65 Engines: The US versions swapped the British Rolls-Royce Avons for the Wright J65 (a licensed Armstrong Siddeley Sapphire). These provided excellent low-altitude performance, essential for the B-57’s original mission as a “night intruder.”

Cold War Service & The “Aggressors”

Electronic Aggressor Squadrons: The EB-57B was the backbone of the 17th and 19th Defense Systems Evaluation Squadrons. They flew against US and NATO radar sites to find “holes” in the defense network and train operators to “burn through” enemy jamming.
Vietnam Service: While the EB-57B was a trainer, its bomber brother, the B-57B, was a legend in Vietnam, notably during the “Patricia Lynn” reconnaissance missions and as the first US jet bomber to be deployed to the conflict.
Longevity: The Canberra airframe was so robust that some highly modified versions (WB-57F) are still flying today for NASA, used for high-altitude atmospheric research and satellite sensor testing.
The “Whistling Wheelbarrow”: Ground crews gave the Canberra this nickname due to the high-pitched whine of its engines at idle and its tricycle landing gear configuration.