V-1 flying bomb | |
|---|---|
| Pays | Allemagne nazie |
| Rôle | Missile de croisière |
| En service | 1944–1945 |
| Construit | Inconnu |
Lla Bombe volante V-1 (Allemand: Vergeltungswaffe 1 « Vengeance Weapon 1) — également connue des Alliés sous le nom de bombe à buzz, ou doodlebug, et en Allemagne sous le nom de Kirschkern (pierre cerise) ou Maikäfer (maybug), ainsi que par sa désignation officielle de Fi 103 par les avions RLM était un missile de croisière précoce et le seul avion de production à utiliser un pulsejet pour la puissance.
Source: Bombe volante V-1 sur Wikipedia
| Fieseler Fi 103 V-1 ‘Buzz Bomb’ Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| Photographe | Michael Benolkin |
| Localisation | Inconnu |
| Photos | 41 |
| Fieseler Fi 103 V1 Rreichenberg gerat Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| Photographe | Unknow |
| Localisation | Inconnu |
| Photos | 14 |
Voir aussi :
General Characteristics and Role
The Fieseler Fi 103, better known by the Nazi propaganda name Vergeltungswaffe Eins (« Arme de vengeance 1 ») or V-1, was the world’s first operational cruise missile. Developed by Germany during World War II, it was a pilotless aircraft powered by a simple pulsejet engine, which produced a distinctive loud, sputtering sound that earned it the nickname « Buzz Bomb » Ou « Doodlebug » from the British. The V-1’s primary purpose was to be launched against large target areas, particularly London and later Antwerp, as a terror weapon in response to Allied bombing raids on Germany. Though highly inaccurate, its deployment marked a significant step in missile technology.
| Property | Typical Value |
|---|---|
| Rôle | Unmanned Surface-to-Surface Cruise Missile / Terror Weapon |
| National Origin | Allemagne nazie |
| Fabricant | Gerhard Fieseler Werke |
| Service Entry | 13 June 1944 |
| Crew | 0 (Unmanned) |
| Launch Weight | Approx. 2,150–2,250 kg (4,740–4,960 lb) |
| Length | 7.7–8.32 m (25 ft 3 in – 27 ft 3 in) |
| Envergure | 5.37 m (17 ft 7 in) |
| Production Total | Approx. 30,000 built |
Powerplant and Performance
- Engine: One Argus As 109-014 Pulsejet impulse duct engine.
- Thrust: Approx. 300 kgf (660 lbf).
- Fuel: Gasoline (propelled by compressed air rather than a fuel pump).
- Maximum Speed: 640–650 km/h (400–405 mph).
- Note: This relatively low speed allowed it to be intercepted by fast fighter aircraft like the Hawker Tempest and Spitfire.
- Operational Range: Approx. 240–330 km (150–205 mi).
- Service Ceiling: Approx. 600–900 m (2,000–3,000 ft).
- Launch Method: Primarily launched from inclined ground-based ramps using a steam catapult (Walter Catapult), or air-launched from Heinkel He 111 bombers.
Guidance and Warhead
- Guidance System: Simple gyrocompass-based autopilot (Askania) for directional stability and a pre-set air log/propeller counter.
- Targeting Mechanism: Distance was controlled by a small nose-mounted propeller which, after a set number of rotations, would trigger a mechanism to cut the fuel supply and cause the missile to dive onto its target.
- Warhead: High-explosive Amatol 39 or Trialen.
- Warhead Weight: Approx. 850 kg (1,870 lb).
- Inaccuracy: The crude guidance system meant the V-1 was inaccurate, limiting its use to large population centers.
- Variant: The Fieseler Fi 103R Reichenberg was a late-war manned version intended for suicide missions, though never operationally deployed.
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