V-1 flying bomb | |
|---|---|
| Χώρα | Ναζιστική Γερμανία |
| Ρόλο | Πύραυλος Κρουζ |
| Σε λειτουργία | 1944–1945 |
| Χτισμένο | Αγνοώ |
Teh V-1 ιπτάμενη βόμβα (Γερμανικά: Vergeltungswaffe 1 "Vengeance Weapon 1)—επίσης γνωστό στους Συμμάχους ως βόμβα buzz, ή doodlebug, και στη Γερμανία ως Kirschkern (κερασιά) ή Maikäfer (maybug), καθώς και από την επίσημη ονομασία του αεροσκάφους RLM Fi 103 ήταν ένας πρώιμος πύραυλος κρουζ και το μόνο αεροσκάφος παραγωγής που χρησιμοποιούσε pulsejet για ισχύ.
Πηγή: V-1 ιπτάμενη βόμβα στη Βικιπαίδεια
| Fieseler Fi 103 V-1 ‘Buzz Bomb’ Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| Φωτογράφος | Μάικλ Μπίνολκιν |
| Εντοπισμού | Αγνοώ |
| Φωτογραφίες | 41 |
| Fieseler Fi 103 V1 Rreichenberg gerat Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| Φωτογράφος | Unknow |
| Εντοπισμού | Αγνοώ |
| Φωτογραφίες | 14 |
Δείτε επίσης:
General Characteristics and Role
The Fieseler Fi 103, better known by the Nazi propaganda name Vergeltungswaffe Eins (“Vengeance Weapon 1”) or V-1, was the world’s first operational cruise missile. Developed by Germany during World War II, it was a pilotless aircraft powered by a simple pulsejet engine, which produced a distinctive loud, sputtering sound that earned it the nickname “Buzz Bomb” or “Doodlebug” from the British. The V-1’s primary purpose was to be launched against large target areas, particularly London and later Antwerp, as a terror weapon in response to Allied bombing raids on Germany. Though highly inaccurate, its deployment marked a significant step in missile technology.
| Property | Typical Value |
|---|---|
| Ρόλο | Unmanned Surface-to-Surface Cruise Missile / Terror Weapon |
| National Origin | Ναζιστική Γερμανία |
| Κατασκευαστής | Gerhard Fieseler Werke |
| Service Entry | 13 June 1944 |
| Πλήρωμα | 0 (Unmanned) |
| Launch Weight | Approx. 2,150–2,250 kg (4,740–4,960 lb) |
| Μήκος | 7.7–8.32 m (25 ft 3 in – 27 ft 3 in) |
| Εκπέτασμα | 5.37 m (17 ft 7 in) |
| Production Total | Approx. 30,000 built |
Powerplant and Performance
- Engine: One Argus As 109-014 Pulsejet impulse duct engine.
- Thrust: Approx. 300 kgf (660 lbf).
- Fuel: Gasoline (propelled by compressed air rather than a fuel pump).
- Maximum Speed: 640–650 km/h (400–405 mph).
- Note: This relatively low speed allowed it to be intercepted by fast fighter aircraft like the Hawker Tempest and Spitfire.
- Operational Range: Approx. 240–330 km (150–205 mi).
- Service Ceiling: Approx. 600–900 m (2,000–3,000 ft).
- Launch Method: Primarily launched from inclined ground-based ramps using a steam catapult (Walter Catapult), or air-launched from Heinkel He 111 bombers.
Guidance and Warhead
- Guidance System: Simple gyrocompass-based autopilot (Askania) for directional stability and a pre-set air log/propeller counter.
- Targeting Mechanism: Distance was controlled by a small nose-mounted propeller which, after a set number of rotations, would trigger a mechanism to cut the fuel supply and cause the missile to dive onto its target.
- Warhead: High-explosive Amatol 39 or Trialen.
- Warhead Weight: Approx. 850 kg (1,870 lb).
- Inaccuracy: The crude guidance system meant the V-1 was inaccurate, limiting its use to large population centers.
- Variant: The Fieseler Fi 103R Reichenberg was a late-war manned version intended for suicide missions, though never operationally deployed.
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