de Havilland Vampire - Photos & Video

де Хавільланд Вампір
Країні	Великобританії
Роль	Винищувачі
Перший політ	20 вересня 1943 р.
Побудований	3268

У 201 де Хавільланд Вампір — британський реактивний винищувач, розроблений і виготовлений компанією de Havilland Aircraft Company. Робота над літаком почалася під час Другої світової війни як переважно експериментальний літак, придатний для бою, який використовував новаторські інновації реактивного руху; Швидко було прийнято рішення зупинити свій вибір на одномоторному літаку з двома штангами, оснащеному турбореактивним двигуном Halford H.1 (пізніше de Havilland Goblin). Спочатку літак замовлявся лише як експериментальний, але рішення про масове виробництво літака як перехоплювача для Королівських військово-повітряних сил (RAF) було остаточно прийнято у травні 1944 року.

Джерело: de Havilland Vampire у Вікіпедії

De Havilland Вампір FB.6 Прогулянка навколо
Фотограф	Сеес Гендрік
Локалізацією	Незнай
Фото	18

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De Havilland SK 28 C2 Вампірська прогулянка навколо
Фотограф	Незнай
Локалізацією	Незнай
Фото	43

De Havilland SK 28 C2 Vampire

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DeHavilland Vampire Walk Around
Фотограф	Білл Мелоуні
Локалізацією	Незнай
Фото	20

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The Wooden Jet

У 201 де Хавільланд Вампір was the second jet-powered aircraft to enter service with the RAF, following the Gloster Meteor. However, the Vampire was unique in its construction; while it was a cutting-edge jet, its fuselage was built using the same molded plywood technique perfected on the wooden Mosquito. The FB.6 was a specialized Fighter-Bomber export version produced for Switzerland, representing the pinnacle of the single-seat Vampire’s development with an uprated engine and increased weight capacity.

Attribute	Technical Specification (Vampire FB.6)
Роль	Винищувач-бомбардувальник
команда	1 (Pilot)
First Flight (Vampire)	September 20, 1943
Силова установка	1 × de Havilland Goblin 3 centrifugal-flow turbojet
Thrust	3,350 lbf (14.9 kN)
Максимальна швидкість	548 mph (882 km/h)
Service Ceiling	42,800 feet (13,045 m)
Зброя	4 × 20mm Hispano Mk V cannons; 8 × rockets or 2,000 lbs of bombs

Twin Booms and Goblin Fire

The Twin-Boom Design: de Havilland used a twin-boom tail to allow the jet exhaust to be as short as possible. This minimized the loss of thrust associated with long tailpipes, which was critical for the relatively weak early turbojets.
Centrifugal-Flow Engine: The Goblin engine used a large, spinning compressor. Because it was wider than later “axial-flow” jets, the Vampire has its distinctive “pancake” fuselage shape. It was incredibly reliable and simple to maintain.
Mixed Construction: While the tail booms and wings were metal, the cockpit “pod” was made of balsa wood sandwiched between layers of birch. This made the Vampire lighter and faster than many all-metal contemporaries.
The “FB” Evolution: The FB (Fighter-Bomber) series featured clipped wings compared to the original interceptors. This improved low-level handling and allowed for a much higher roll rate during ground-attack maneuvers.

Global Service and Swiss Precision

The Swiss FB.6: Switzerland was a major operator of the FB.6. They loved the aircraft for its ability to operate out of short runways in narrow alpine valleys. Many Swiss Vampires were later fitted with “Pinocchio” noses to house additional avionics.
Naval Firsts: A modified Vampire (the Sea Vampire) was the first pure jet aircraft in history to land on and take off from an aircraft carrier (HMS Ocean) in 1945.
A Pilot’s Favorite: Pilots loved the Vampire for its excellent visibility—since there was no engine in front—and its forgiving flight characteristics. It was often described as flying like a “high-speed Tiger Moth.”
The T.11 Trainer: The Vampire’s success led to the T.11, a side-by-side two-seat trainer that taught an entire generation of pilots how to fly jets. Its distinctive “egg” shaped cockpit became a common sight across the British Commonwealth.