Tupolev Tu-134

Tupolev Tu-134
Land	Sovjetunionen – Ryssland
Roll	Trafikflygplan
Första flugan	29 juli 1963
Byggd	854

Den Tupolev Tu-134 (NATO-rapporteringsnamn: Crusty) är ett tvåmotorigt, smalkroppsflygplan som byggdes i Sovjetunionen för kort- och medeldistansflygningar från 1966 till 1989. Den ursprungliga versionen hade en design med glaserad nos och liksom vissa andra ryska flygplan (inklusive sin systermodell Tu-154) kan den flyga från oasfalterade flygfält.

Källkod: Tupolev Tu-134 på Wikipedia

Tupolev Tu-134A Gå Runt
Fotograf	Vladimir Yakubov
Lokalisering	Minsk-Borovaya Air Museum, Vitryssland
Bilder	149

Tupolev Tu-134A 01

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Tupolev Tu-134A 09

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General Characteristics (Soviet Era)

The Tupolev Tu-134 is a twin-engine, short-to-medium-range jet airliner developed in the Soviet Union, originally conceived to replace the Ilyushin Il-14. The ‘A’ variant was the first major production modification, introducing improved engines and increased passenger capacity.

Property	Value (Tu-134A Variant)
Roll	Short/Medium-Haul Airliner
Tillverkare	Kharkov State Aircraft Plant / Tupolev Design Bureau
Entered Service (Tu-134A)	1970
besättning	3 or 4 (Pilot, Co-pilot, Flight Engineer/Navigator)
Capacity	72 to 84 passengers
längd	37.10 m (121 ft 8 in)
Spännvidd	29.0 m (95 ft 2 in)

Design and Powerplant

Engines: Two Soloviev D-30-II or D-30-III turbofan engines.
Engine Placement: A distinctive feature, the engines are mounted in two nacelles on the sides of the rear fuselage (similar to the BAC One-Eleven or Douglas DC-9).
Thrust (D-30-II): Approx. 66.7 kN (15,000 lbf) per engine.
Cockpit: Features a glazed nose, originally intended for a navigator, a hallmark of early Soviet jet transport design (though sometimes phased out on later A models).
Wing Design: Features a swept wing with noticeable dihedral and leading-edge slats for improved low-speed handling.
Landing Gear: Equipped with low-pressure tires for operation from unprepared airfields, a common Soviet design requirement.

Performance and Variants

Maximum Cruise Speed: 900 km/h (560 mph, 486 knots).
Operational Range: Approximately 1,800 to 2,000 km (1,100 to 1,240 miles).
Service Ceiling: 12,100 m (39,700 ft).
Key Improvement (Tu-134A): Compared to the original Tu-134, the ‘A’ variant has a stretched fuselage for more seating and an improved turbofan engine. It also replaced the rear braking parachute with reverse thrust on the engines.
Noise Issues: Due to the high exhaust velocity of its early turbofan engines, the Tu-134 family was known to be extremely loud and was one of the first Soviet types to be banned from many European airports due to noise restrictions in the 1990s and 2000s.