Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star

Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star
Land	Usa
Role	Straaljager
Eerste vlucht	8 januari 1944
Gebouwd	1715

De Lockheed P-80 Vallende Ster was de eerste straaljager die operationeel werd gebruikt door de United States Army Air Forces (USAAF). Ontworpen en gebouwd door Lockheed in 1943 en slechts 143 dagen na het begin van het ontwerpproces geleverd, vlogen de productiemodellen en twee pre-productiemodellen werden net voor het einde van de Tweede Wereldoorlog zeer beperkt in gebruik genomen in Italië. Ontworpen met rechte vleugels, zag het type uitgebreide gevechten in Korea met de Amerikaanse luchtmacht (USAF) als de F-80.

Bron: Lockheed P-80 Vallende Ster op Wikipedia

Lockheed P-80/F-80 Vallende Ster Rond Te Lopen
Fotograaf	Cees Hendriks
Lokalisatie	Onbewust
Foto 's	37

Lockheed P-80-F-80 Shooting Star 01

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Lockheed P-80-F-80 Shooting Star 37

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Lockheed F-80C Walk Around
Fotograaf	Wright Patterson
Lokalisatie	Onbewust
Foto 's	18

Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star Walk Around
Fotograaf	Dennis Vonken
Lokalisatie	Onbewust
Foto 's	24

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The Dawn of the Jet Age

De Lockheed P-80 Vallende Ster (re-designated F-80 in 1948) was the first jet fighter used operationally by the United States Army Air Forces. Designed by Clarence “Kelly” Johnson and his Skunk Works team in just 143 days, it was a response to the German Me 262. While it arrived too late to see combat in WWII, it became the cornerstone of the early Cold War USAF and participated in the first-ever jet-versus-jet dogfight during the Korean War.

Attribute	Technical Specification (F-80C)
Role	Fighter-Interceptor / Fighter-Bomber
Bemanning	1 (Pilot)
First Flight	January 8, 1944
Krachtbron	1 × Allison J33-A-35 centrifugal-flow turbojet
Thrust	5,400 lbf (24 kN)
Maximum Speed	956 km/h (594 mph) at sea level
Bewapening	6 × .50 cal (12.7 mm) M3 Browning machine guns (Nose)
Nettolading	2 × 1,000 lb bombs or 8 × 5-inch rockets

Design and Engineering Milestones

Centrifugal-Flow Turbojet: The P-80 utilized the Allison J33, based on the British Whittle design. Unlike modern axial-flow engines, the J33 used a large impeller to compress air, which gave the F-80 its characteristic “fat” mid-section.
Nose-Concentrated Armament: By placing the six machine guns in the nose rather than the wings, the F-80 eliminated “convergence” issues, allowing for a concentrated stream of fire at any range.
The “Misery” Fuel Tanks: Early jets had poor range. The F-80 was iconic for its large, teardrop-shaped wingtip fuel tanks. These not only extended range but were found to improve the wing’s aerodynamic efficiency at high speeds.
Skunk Works Beginning: The P-80 was the project that essentially birthed Lockheed’s “Skunk Works” division, establishing the culture of rapid prototyping and extreme secrecy.

The Korean War & Transition

The First Jet Dogfight: On November 8, 1950, Lieutenant Russell J. Brown, flying an F-80C, was credited with shooting down a Soviet-built MiG-15—the first victory in jet-versus-jet history.
Straight vs. Swept Wings: The Korean War quickly proved that the straight-winged F-80 was outmatched in speed by the swept-wing MiG-15. The F-80 was soon shifted to the ground-attack role, where it excelled due to its stability as a gun platform.
Training Legacy: The F-80 airframe was lengthened to create the T-33 “T-Bird”, which became the most successful jet trainer in history, used by over 40 countries for over half a century.

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