ZSU-57-2 | |
|---|---|
| 国 | ソ連 |
| 型 | 自走対空砲 |
| トピック | アルバムのアルバム 37 写真の歩き回り ZSU-57-2 |
ザ ZSU-57-2 ●(Ob'yekt 500)は、2つの57mmオートキャノンで武装したソ連の自走対空対空砲(SPAAG)です。「ZSU」はゼニトナヤ・サモコドナヤ・ウスタノフカの略で、「対空自走式マウント」を意味し、「57」はミリメートル単位の軍備のボアを表し、'2'は砲身の数を表します。 起源： 第二次世界大戦中、地上攻撃機は移動中の機械化されたユニットに対する重大な脅威として浮上しました。従来の引き込み対空砲(AA)砲は、対空機関銃を稼働させるために必要な時間のために、このような条件下で不十分な対応でした。この経験は、小さなボアオートキャノンや重機関銃で武装した対空追跡車両が必要であることを明らかにしました。●ドイツのヴィルベルウィンドのような車両は、第二次世界大戦の最後の戦いで良い効果を得るために使用されていました。
ソース： ウィキペディア
| ZSU-57-2 歩き回る | |
|---|---|
| カメラマン | 知りません |
| ローカライズ | 知りません |
| 写真 | 59 |
関連項目:
The Accidental Tank Destroyer
ザ ZSU-57-2 (Zenitnaya Samokhodnaya Ustanovka) was intended to be the Soviet Union’s premier shield against jet aircraft. Entering service in 1955, it featured twin 57mm autocannons mounted on a lightened T-54 chassis. However, it was a “daylight only” weapon with no radar and a slow manual sighting system, making it nearly useless against fast modern jets. While it failed its primary mission, crews quickly discovered its true calling: ground support. Its massive high-velocity shells could shred light bunkers, APCs, and even the side armor of Main Battle Tanks, earning it the nickname “Sparka” (Twin-mount) and a fearsome reputation in urban combat.
| Attribute | Technical Specification (ZSU-57-2) |
|---|---|
| 役割 | Self-Propelled Anti-Aircraft Gun (SPAAG) |
| 乗組員 | 6 (Commander, Driver, Gunner, Sight Adjuster, 2 Loaders) |
| エンジン | V-54 V12 water-cooled diesel (520 hp) |
| 最高速度 | 50 km/h (31 mph) |
| 主砲 | 2 × 57 mm S-68 Autocannons |
| Rate of Fire | 210–240 rounds per minute (combined) |
| 鎧 | 8 mm to 15 mm (Steel) |
| 重量 | 28.1 tonnes |
Design Engineering: Thin Skin, Big Teeth
- The Lightened T-54 Chassis: To save weight for the massive turret, engineers removed one road wheel (reducing it from five to four) and thinned the armor down significantly. While a T-54 could take a hit, the ZSU-57-2 can be damaged by heavy machine gun fire.
- The S-68 Autocannon: These guns are modified versions of the towed S-60. They fire a massive 2.8 kg shell with a muzzle velocity of 1,000 m/s. This gives them incredible kinetic energy, allowing the Armor-Piercing (APC-T) rounds to penetrate over 100mm of armor at close range. [Image diagram of the twin S-68 recoil and loading mechanism]
- Open-Topped Vulnerability: The turret is massive and open to the sky. While this provides the crew with excellent visibility for tracking planes and prevents toxic fumes from building up, it makes the vehicle extremely vulnerable to airburst shells, grenades, and even rain.
- Manual Fire Control: Unlike the later radar-guided “Shilka,” the ZSU-57-2 relies on an optical-mechanical computing sight. A dedicated crew member has to manually input the target’s estimated speed and range—a near-impossible task against supersonic jets.
Operational History: A Global Menace
- Vietnam Service: North Vietnamese forces used the ZSU-57-2 during the 1972 Easter Offensive. While it struggled to hit U.S. Phantoms, it was devastatingly effective at clearing South Vietnamese defensive lines and bunkers.
- Middle East Wars: In the hands of Syrian and Egyptian forces during the Six-Day War and Yom Kippur War, it was often used as an improvised “assault gun.” Israeli tankers learned to prioritize these vehicles because their twin 57mm guns could disable a tank’s tracks or optics in seconds.
- The Yugoslav Wars: During the 1990s, Serbian and Croatian forces used the ZSU-57-2 almost exclusively for ground support. Its ability to elevate its guns nearly vertically made it the perfect tool for clearing snipers out of high-rise buildings.
- Modern Obsolescence: By the 1970s, the Soviet Army replaced it with the 23mm ZSU-23-4 シルカ, which traded the 57mm’s “punch” for radar-guided accuracy and a much higher rate of fire.
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