フォッケウルフFw-190A-9 – 歩き回る

フォッケウルフFw-190A-9のフォトギャラリー、 フォッケウルフFw 190 ●第二次世界大戦のドイツのシングルシート、単発戦闘爆撃機でした。●2万台以上で生産され、地上部隊の支援機としてユンカースJu87(Stuka)に代位したいくつかの派生モデルで、重戦闘機としてメッサーシュミットBf110を辞退しました。●ドイツ空軍初の真の戦闘爆撃機と考えられています。 バージョン Fw-190 A-9 :Fw-190 Aの最後の変形が量産される。●新エンジンと新しい拡大コックピットを受け取り、Fw-190 F-8から借りた。新型エンジンの納入により、Fw-190 A-8と並んで生産を継続する。

ソース： フォッケウルフウィキペディア

The **Focke-Wulf Fw 190A** was a formidable German single-seat fighter aircraft introduced in 1941, designed by Kurt Tank to complement and eventually surpass the Messerschmitt Bf 109. It was immediately recognizable and highly effective, quickly establishing air superiority over the English Channel against contemporary Allied fighters like the Spitfire Mk. V.

Design and Powerplant

The defining feature of the Fw 190A series was its powerful, air-cooled **BMW 801 radial engine**. This contrasted sharply with the liquid-cooled inline engines of the Bf 109 and most Allied fighters.

• エンジン： The **BMW 801** was a robust 14-cylinder, two-row radial engine, offering high power and a greater resistance to battle damage than liquid-cooled designs.
• Kommandogerät: It utilized a sophisticated, electro-mechanical management system (the *Kommandogerät*) that simplified engine control for the pilot by automatically coordinating propeller pitch, throttle, and mixture.
• Landing Gear: The Fw 190 featured a **wide-track landing gear**, retracting inward into the wing. This provided excellent stability and significantly better ground handling compared to the narrow, outward-retracting gear of the Bf 109.

Performance and Role

The Fw 190A was known as a rugged “workhorse” that excelled in several performance areas, particularly at low and medium altitudes (below 20,000 ft):

• Speed and Dive: It was extremely fast in a dive, making it ideal for **”Boom-and-Zoom”** tactics—attacking with speed and immediately escaping.
• Roll Rate: Its short, stiff wings gave it an **exceptional roll rate**, allowing it to outmaneuver opponents axially.
• Roles: Though primarily a fighter, its strong airframe and powerful engine allowed it to be readily adapted for a wide variety of combat roles, including **fighter-bomber** (*Jabo*) and specialized heavily-armed **bomber interceptor** (especially the later A-8/R2 variants).

Standard Armament (Typical A-Series)

The Fw 190A was renowned for its unprecedented heavy armament, giving it a devastating punch, particularly against Allied heavy bombers.

• Fuselage: Two **MG 17 7.92 mm machine guns** (later upgraded to **MG 131 13 mm machine guns** on models like the A-7 and A-8) mounted over the engine and synchronized to fire through the propeller.
• Wing Root: Two **20 mm MG 151/20 cannon** in the wing roots.
• Outer Wing: In early variants (A-1 through A-5), two **20 mm MG FF/M cannons** were fitted outboard. Later variants (A-6 onwards) standardized the armament by replacing these with the more powerful and reliable **20 mm MG 151/20 cannon**, giving the Fw 190 an imposing four-cannon firepower layout.