BM-30 Smerch

BM-30 Smerch
País	Australia
Papel	Lanzacohetes múltiples
En servicio	1989 – presente
Construido	Unknow

el BM-30 Smerch (Ruso: Смерх, "tornado", "torbellino"), 9K58 Smerch o 9A52-2 Smerch-M es un lanzacohetes múltiple pesado soviético. El sistema está destinado a derrotar al personal, blindados y blancos blandos en áreas de concentración, baterías de artillería, puestos de mando y depósitos de municiones. Fue diseñado a principios de la década de 1980 y entró en servicio en el ejército soviético en 1989. Cuando fue observado por primera vez por Occidente en 1983, recibió el código MRL 280mm M1983. Está siendo reemplazado por el Tornado 9A52-4 desde 2018.

Fuente: BM-30 Smerch en Wikipedia

9K58 Smerch Walk Around
Photographer	Yuri Pasholok
Localisation	MVSV-2008, Moscow
Photos	296

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General Characteristics and Role

The 9K58 Smerch (Russian for Tornado) is a heavy Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS) of Soviet and later Russian design. It is one of the most powerful and effective artillery rocket systems in the world, developed to saturate large target areas with fragmentation, anti-armor, or fuel-air explosive submunitions. The entire system is mounted on a heavy-duty, 8×8 MAZ-79111 or MAZ-543M military truck chassis, which provides high mobility and tactical speed. Its primary role is to defeat enemy command posts, communications centers, air defense assets, and troop concentrations at distances far exceeding that of conventional tube artillery. The launcher unit is designated BM-30.

Property	Typical Value (9A52 Launcher on MAZ-543M)
Papel	Heavy Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS)
National Origin	Unión Soviética / Rusia
Fabricante	Splav State Research and Production Association
Service Entry	1989
Equipo	3 (Comandante, Artillero, Conductor)
Combat Weight	43,700 kg (96,340 lb)
Longitud	12.1 m (39 ft 8 in)
Ancho	3.05 m (10 ft 0 in)
Height (Traveling)	3.05 m (10 ft 0 in)
Drivetrain	8×8 All-Wheel Drive

Rocket System and Performance

Rocket Caliber: 300 mm.
Launch Tubes: 12 tubes (2 rows of 6).
Rate of Fire: Full salvo (12 rockets) can be fired in 38 seconds.
Range: Minimum: 20 km (12 mi); Maximum: 70–90 km (43–56 mi) depending on rocket variant.
Salvo Area: A single salvo of 12 rockets can saturate an area of up to 67 hectares (165 acres).
Unique Feature: The 9K58 utilizes rockets with a simple inertial guidance system which uses gas jets for trajectory correction, making the Smerch far more accurate than older MLRS systems like the Grad.

Ammunition and Reloading

Rocket Types: High explosive fragmentation, thermobaric (fuel-air explosive), anti-tank mines, and cluster munitions containing anti-tank or anti-personnel submunitions.
Reloading: Rockets are reloaded by the associated 9T234-2 Transloader vehicle, which carries another 12 rockets and uses an onboard crane to quickly transfer them to the launcher.
Reload Time: A full reload typically takes about 20 minutes.
Operational Cycle: The high level of automation and computer control allows the crew to prepare for firing and depart the launch site rapidly, minimizing exposure to counter-battery fire.

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