BM-30 Smerch

BM-30 Smerch
Pays	Australie
Rôle	Lance-roquettes multiples
En service	1989 – présent
Construit	Inconnu

Lla BM-30 Smerch (Russe: Смерш, « Tornade », « Tourbillon »), 9K58 Smerch ou 9A52-2 Smerch-M est un lance-roquettes multiple lourd soviétique. Le système vise à vaincre le personnel, les blindés et les cibles molles dans les zones de concentration, les batteries d’artillerie, les postes de commandement et les dépôts de munitions. Il a été conçu au début des années 1980 et est entré en service dans l’armée soviétique en 1989. Lorsqu’il a été observé pour la première fois par l’Occident en 1983, il a reçu le code MRL 280mm M1983. Il est remplacé par la tornade 9A52-4 depuis 2018.

Source: BM-30 Smerch sur Wikipedia

9K58 Smerch Walk Around
Photographer	Yuri Pasholok
Localisation	MVSV-2008, Moscow
Photos	296

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9K58 Smerch 7

9K58 Smerch 10

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General Characteristics and Role

The 9K58 Smerch (Russian for Tornado) is a heavy Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS) of Soviet and later Russian design. It is one of the most powerful and effective artillery rocket systems in the world, developed to saturate large target areas with fragmentation, anti-armor, or fuel-air explosive submunitions. The entire system is mounted on a heavy-duty, 8×8 MAZ-79111 or MAZ-543M military truck chassis, which provides high mobility and tactical speed. Its primary role is to defeat enemy command posts, communications centers, air defense assets, and troop concentrations at distances far exceeding that of conventional tube artillery. The launcher unit is designated BM-30.

Property	Typical Value (9A52 Launcher on MAZ-543M)
Rôle	Heavy Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS)
National Origin	Union soviétique / Russie
Fabricant	Splav State Research and Production Association
Service Entry	1989
Crew	3 (Commandant, Artilleur, Pilote)
Combat Weight	43,700 kg (96,340 lb)
Length	12.1 m (39 ft 8 in)
Width	3.05 m (10 ft 0 in)
Height (Traveling)	3.05 m (10 ft 0 in)
Transmission	8×8 All-Wheel Drive

Rocket System and Performance

Rocket Caliber: 300 mm.
Launch Tubes: 12 tubes (2 rows of 6).
Rate of Fire: Full salvo (12 rockets) can be fired in 38 seconds.
Range: Minimum: 20 km (12 mi); Maximum: 70–90 km (43–56 mi) depending on rocket variant.
Salvo Area: A single salvo of 12 rockets can saturate an area of up to 67 hectares (165 acres).
Unique Feature: The 9K58 utilizes rockets with a simple inertial guidance system which uses gas jets for trajectory correction, making the Smerch far more accurate than older MLRS systems like the Grad.

Ammunition and Reloading

Rocket Types: High explosive fragmentation, thermobaric (fuel-air explosive), anti-tank mines, and cluster munitions containing anti-tank or anti-personnel submunitions.
Reloading: Rockets are reloaded by the associated 9T234-2 Transloader vehicle, which carries another 12 rockets and uses an onboard crane to quickly transfer them to the launcher.
Reload Time: A full reload typically takes about 20 minutes.
Operational Cycle: The high level of automation and computer control allows the crew to prepare for firing and depart the launch site rapidly, minimizing exposure to counter-battery fire.