
BM-30 Smerch | |
|---|---|
| Χώρα | Αυστραλία |
| Ρόλο | Εκτοξευτής πολλαπλών πυραύλων |
| Σε λειτουργία | 1989 – σήμερα |
| Χτισμένο | Αγνοώ |
Teh BM-30 Σμερς (Ρωσικά: Сдерд, "ανεμοστρόβιλος", "ανεμοστρόβιλος"), 9K58 Smerch ή 9A52-2 Smerch-M είναι σοβιετικός βαρύς πολλαπλός εκτοξευτής πυραύλων. Το σύστημα προορίζεται να νικήσει προσωπικό, θωρακισμένους και μαλακούς στόχους σε περιοχές συγκέντρωσης, μπαταρίες πυροβολικού, θέσεις διοίκησης και αποθήκες πυρομαχικών. Σχεδιάστηκε στις αρχές της δεκαετίας του 1980 και τέθηκε σε υπηρεσία στο Σοβιετικό Στρατό το 1989. Όταν παρατηρήθηκε για πρώτη φορά από τη Δύση το 1983, έλαβε τον κωδικό MRL 280mm M1983. Το 9A52-4 Tornado από το 2018.
Πηγή: BM-30 Smerch στη Βικιπαίδεια
| 9K58 Smerch Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| Photographer | Yuri Pasholok |
| Localisation | MVSV-2008, Moscow |
| Photos | 296 |
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General Characteristics and Role
The 9K58 Smerch (Russian for Tornado) is a heavy Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS) of Soviet and later Russian design. It is one of the most powerful and effective artillery rocket systems in the world, developed to saturate large target areas with fragmentation, anti-armor, or fuel-air explosive submunitions. The entire system is mounted on a heavy-duty, 8×8 MAZ-79111 or MAZ-543M military truck chassis, which provides high mobility and tactical speed. Its primary role is to defeat enemy command posts, communications centers, air defense assets, and troop concentrations at distances far exceeding that of conventional tube artillery. The launcher unit is designated BM-30.
| Property | Typical Value (9A52 Launcher on MAZ-543M) |
|---|---|
| Ρόλο | Heavy Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS) |
| National Origin | Σοβιετική Ένωση / Ρωσία |
| Κατασκευαστής | Splav State Research and Production Association |
| Service Entry | 1989 |
| Πλήρωμα | 3 (Commander, Gunner, Driver) |
| Combat Weight | 43,700 kg (96,340 lb) |
| Μήκος | 12.1 m (39 ft 8 in) |
| Πλάτος | 3.05 m (10 ft 0 in) |
| Height (Traveling) | 3.05 m (10 ft 0 in) |
| Drivetrain | 8×8 All-Wheel Drive |
Rocket System and Performance
- Rocket Caliber: 300 mm.
- Launch Tubes: 12 tubes (2 rows of 6).
- Rate of Fire: Full salvo (12 rockets) can be fired in 38 seconds.
- Range: Minimum: 20 km (12 mi); Maximum: 70–90 km (43–56 mi) depending on rocket variant.
- Salvo Area: A single salvo of 12 rockets can saturate an area of up to 67 hectares (165 acres).
- Unique Feature: The 9K58 utilizes rockets with a simple inertial guidance system which uses gas jets for trajectory correction, making the Smerch far more accurate than older MLRS systems like the Grad.
Ammunition and Reloading
- Rocket Types: High explosive fragmentation, thermobaric (fuel-air explosive), anti-tank mines, and cluster munitions containing anti-tank or anti-personnel submunitions.
- Reloading: Rockets are reloaded by the associated 9T234-2 Transloader vehicle, which carries another 12 rockets and uses an onboard crane to quickly transfer them to the launcher.
- Reload Time: A full reload typically takes about 20 minutes.
- Operational Cycle: The high level of automation and computer control allows the crew to prepare for firing and depart the launch site rapidly, minimizing exposure to counter-battery fire.
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