Dornier Do.335

Dornier Do.335
Χώρα	Ναζιστική Γερμανία
Ρόλο	Μαχητικό βομβαρδιστικό
Πρώτη πτήση	26 Οκτωβρίου 1943
Χτισμένο	37

Teh Ντορνιέ Ντο 335 Το Pfeil ("Arrow") ήταν ένα βαρύ μαχητικό του Β 'Παγκοσμίου Πολέμου που κατασκευάστηκε από την εταιρεία Dornier. Η διθέσια εκπαιδευτική έκδοση ονομαζόταν επίσης Ameisenbär ("anteater"). Η απόδοση του Pfeil ήταν πολύ καλύτερη από άλλα σχέδια διπλών κινητήρων λόγω της μοναδικής διάταξης "push-pull" και της πολύ χαμηλότερης αεροδυναμικής αντίστασης της ευθυγράμμισης των δύο κινητήρων. Ήταν το γρηγορότερο εμβολοφόρο αεροσκάφος της Γερμανίας του Β 'Παγκοσμίου Πολέμου. Η Luftwaffe ήταν απελπισμένη να θέσει το σχέδιο σε επιχειρησιακή χρήση, αλλά οι καθυστερήσεις στις παραδόσεις κινητήρων σήμαιναν ότι μόνο μια χούφτα παραδόθηκαν πριν τελειώσει ο πόλεμος.

Πηγή: Dornier Do.335 στη Wikipedia

Dornier Do.335 A-0 Pfeil με τα πόδια γύρω από
Φωτογράφος	Σίες Χέντρικς
Εντοπισμού	Αγνοώ
Φωτογραφίες	67

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Dornier Do 335 A B-2 Pfeil
Φωτογράφος	Unknow
Εντοπισμού	Αγνοώ
Φωτογραφίες	26

Ντορνιέ Ντο 335

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A Radical Approach to Speed

Teh Dornier Do 335 Pfeil was a revolutionary heavy fighter that defied conventional twin-engine design. By placing the engines in a “push-pull” tandem arrangement—one in the nose and one in the tail—Dornier eliminated the aerodynamic drag associated with wing-mounted nacelles and solved the deadly “asymmetric thrust” issues that plagued traditional twin-engine planes if one engine failed. The result was a massive, incredibly fast aircraft that could outrun almost anything in the sky.

Attribute	Technical Specification (Do 335 A-1)
Ρόλο	Heavy Fighter / Fighter-Bomber
Πλήρωμα	1 (A-series) or 2 (M-series night fighter)
First Flight	October 26, 1943
Πλάστης ισχύος	2 × Daimler-Benz DB 603E inverted V-12s
Horsepower	1,800 hp (1,342 kW) per engine
Maximum Speed	474 mph (763 km/h)
Service Ceiling	37,400 feet (11,400 m)
Οπλισμός	1 × 30mm MK 103 cannon (engine-mounted); 2 × 20mm MG 151/20 cannons

The “Push-Pull” Innovation

Tandem Engine Layout: The front engine drove a standard tractor propeller, while the rear engine drove a pusher propeller via a long extension shaft. This kept the frontal area small, giving the Do 335 the drag profile of a single-engine fighter despite having double the power.
The Cruciform Tail: To protect the rear propeller during takeoff and landing, the Do 335 featured a unique four-finned “cross” tail. The lower vertical fin acted as a bumper to prevent the propeller from striking the runway if the pilot over-rotated.
Emergency Separation: Because of the rear propeller, a traditional bailout was impossible. The Do 335 featured an ejection seat; before the pilot was launched, explosive bolts would blow off the rear propeller and the top vertical fin to ensure a clear escape path.
Reversible Pitch Propellers: The rear propeller could be adjusted to provide reverse thrust, significantly shortening the landing run for such a heavy and fast aircraft.

Combat Capability & Late Arrival

The “Anteater” (Ameisenbär): The two-seat night fighter version (Do 335 A-6) featured a second, raised cockpit for the radar operator, giving the aircraft a humped appearance that led to its ungraceful nickname.
Heavy Firepower: The 30mm MK 103 cannon fired through the front propeller hub (Motorkanone), providing enough destructive power to down a heavy bomber with just a few hits.
The “Ghost” Interceptions: While the Do 335 never saw major air-to-air combat, several Allied pilots reported seeing a massive, incredibly fast German plane that simply pulled away from them with ease. Famous French ace Pierre Clostermann once attempted to intercept one in a Hawker Tempest, but the “Arrow” outran him before he could get in range.
Preservation: Only one complete Do 335 survives today. Captured by the Americans, it was returned to Germany for restoration in the 1970s before being placed on permanent display at the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center in Virginia, USA.