Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit | |
|---|---|
| 国家 | 美国 |
| 作用 | 隐形战略重型轰炸机 |
| 首次飞行 | 17 七月 1989 |
| 建立 | 21 |
这 诺斯罗普·格鲁 （后来的诺斯罗普·格鲁曼公司）B-2 Spirit，也被称为隐形轰炸机，是美国的重型战略轰炸机，具有低可观测隐身技术，旨在穿透密集的防空防御系统。它是在冷战期间设计的，是一个飞翼设计，有两个机组人员。轰炸机是亚音速的，可以部署常规和热核武器，例如多达80枚500磅级（230千克）Mk 82 JDAM GPS制导炸弹，或十六枚2，400磅（1，100千克）B83核弹。B-2是唯一一架公认的能够以隐身配置携带大型空对地对峙武器的飞机。
| Northrop B-2 Spirit Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| 摄影师 | 弗拉基米尔·亚库博夫 |
| 本地化 | 未知 |
| 照片 | 60 |
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General Characteristics and Design
The Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit is an American heavy strategic bomber featuring low-observable “stealth” technology. Designed to penetrate sophisticated enemy air defenses, its revolutionary “flying wing” configuration minimizes its radar signature, making it difficult to detect, track, and engage. It is capable of delivering both conventional and nuclear weapons anywhere on the globe with one mid-air refueling.
| Property | Typical Value (B-2A Block 30) |
|---|---|
| 作用 | Multi-role Strategic Heavy Bomber |
| 制造商 | Northrop Grumman Corporation |
| First Flight | July 17, 1989 |
| No. Built | 21 (20 remain in service) |
| 船员 | 2 (Pilot and Mission Commander) |
| Mass (Empty Weight) | 72,575 kg (160,000 lb) |
| Max Takeoff Weight | 152,634 kg (336,500 lb) |
Dimensions and Stealth
- Wingspan: 52.4 m (172 ft). The immense wingspan is similar to the B-52 Stratofortress, despite having no fuselage or tail.
- Length: 21.0 m (69 ft).
- Height: 5.18 m (17 ft).
- Design: The “flying wing” design lacks vertical stabilizers, which typically produce large radar returns. It uses split elevons on the trailing edge for yaw control.
- Radar Cross-Section (RCS): Classified, but often cited as being around $0.0001\text{ m}^2$, comparable to a large bird or insect, giving it unparalleled stealth performance.
Powerplant and Performance
- Engine: Four General Electric F118-GE-100 non-afterburning turbofan engines.
- Thrust (each): 76.9 kN (17,300 lbf). The non-afterburning design helps reduce the aircraft’s thermal (infrared) signature.
- Speed: High subsonic (Maximum speed around 1,010 km/h or 628 mph).
- Service Ceiling: 15,240 m (50,000 ft).
- Range (Unrefueled): 11,100 km (6,900 mi; 6,000 nmi). Intercontinental range is achieved with one refueling, often extending missions to over 30 hours.
装备
- Payload: Carries all ordnance internally in two large bomb bays, with a maximum payload capacity of over 18,144 kg (40,000 lb).
- Nuclear Weapons: Capable of carrying B61 and B83 nuclear bombs.
- Conventional Weapons: Can carry up to 80 500-lb (230 kg) JDAM GPS-guided bombs, 16 2,000-lb (907 kg) JDAMs, or specialized weapons like the Massive Ordnance Penetrator (MOP).
- Mission Profile: Designed to drop munitions from high altitudes, greatly increasing the impact area and standoff range for precision-guided munitions.
意见：1075
