Hanriot HD.1 | |
|---|---|
| 国家 | 法国 |
| 作用 | 双翼战斗机 |
| 介绍 | 1916 年 6 月 |
| 建立 | 1200+ |
这 汉里奥特高清.1 是法国第一次世界大战的单座战斗机。该型被拒绝在法国中队服役，转而使用SPAD S.VII，提供给比利时陆军的航空军事部队贝尔格（"比利时军事航空"）和意大利皇家陆军的米利塔雷下士（"军事航空团"），这两种情况都证明非常成功。在总共约1 200个实例中，有831个是由意大利公司根据许可证制作的。
| Hanriot HD.1 Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| 摄影师 | 未知 |
| 本地化 | 未知 |
| 照片 | 13 |
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General Characteristics
The Hanriot HD.1 was a highly successful French single-seat fighter biplane of World War I. Although designed and developed in France, it was rejected by the French Air Service (Aviation Militaire) in favor of the SPAD S.VII. However, it was eagerly adopted and became the standard front-line fighter for both the Belgian and Italian air services from 1917 until the end of the war, primarily due to its exceptional maneuverability and robust, reliable airframe. It was also license-built in large numbers by Nieuport-Macchi in Italy.
| Property | Typical Value |
|---|---|
| 作用 | Single-Seat Fighter Biplane |
| 制造商 | Hanriot-Dupont (France), Nieuport-Macchi (Italy, License) |
| First Flight | 1916 年 6 月 |
| 在服务中 | 1917–Post-War |
| No. Built | ~1,200 (Total, including Italian production) |
| 船员 | 1 (Pilot) |
| 长度 | 5.85 m (19 ft 2 in) |
| 翼展 | 8.70 m (28 ft 7 in) |
| Max Takeoff Weight | 652 kg (1,437 lb) |
Powerplant and Performance
- Engine: One Le Rhône 9J or 9Jb 9-cylinder air-cooled rotary engine.
- Power Output: 82 kW (110 hp) or 97 kW (130 hp) in later variants.
- Maximum Speed: 184 km/h (114 mph) at sea level.
- Service Ceiling: 6,400 m (21,000 ft).
- Time to Altitude: Approx. 6 minutes 3 seconds to 2,000 m (6,560 ft).
- Design Note: The HD.1 used a “1½-strut” cabane arrangement similar to the Sopwith Strutter, which Hanriot was licensed to build. It was valued for its light controls and ease of flying.
装备
- Standard Armament: 1 x 7.7 mm (.303 in) fixed, forward-firing Vickers machine gun (synchronized).
- Armament Rationale: Though contemporary fighters often carried two guns, the HD.1’s rotary engine was less powerful. Limiting armament to one gun preserved its excellent climbing performance and maneuverability, which pilots valued.
- Experimental Armament: Some Belgian aces, notably Willy Coppens, experimentally fitted a single, high-caliber 11 mm (.433 in) Vickers machine gun for “balloon busting” sorties against German observation balloons.
- Post-War Service: The HD.1 was also used by the US Navy in the 1920s for shipboard launch experiments from platforms mounted on battleship turrets.
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